3. A researcher wants to estimate the impact of alcohol during pregnancy on premature delivery. Normal pregnancies last approximately 40 weeks and premature deliveries are those that occur before 37 weeks. The 2020 Statistics report indicates that approximately 12% of infants are born prematurely in the Ghana The researcher plans to collect data through medical record review and to generate a 95% confidence interval for the difference in proportions of infants born prematurely to women who smoked during pregnancy as compared to those who did not. How many women should be enrolled in the study to ensure that the 95% confidence interval for the difference in proportions has a margin of error of no more than 4%? 2 n; = {P1(1-P1)+P2(1– p2)}() Hint, use: nį is the sample size required in each group (i=1,2), Z is the value from the standard normal distribution reflecting the confidence level that will be used (e.g., Z = 1.96 for 95%), and E is the desired margin of error. pi and p2 are the proportions of successes in each comparison group. (Answer 507.1 = 508 pregnant women).
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
Question Number 3
A researcher wants to estimate the impact of alcohol during pregnancy on premature delivery. Normal pregnancies last approximately 40 weeks and premature deliveries are those that occur before 37 weeks. The 2020 Statistics report indicates that approximately 12% of infants are born prematurely in the Ghana The researcher plans to collect data through medical record review and to generate a 95% confidence interval for the difference in proportions of infants born prematurely to women who smoked during pregnancy as compared to those who did not. How many women should be enrolled in the study to ensure that the 95% confidence interval for the difference in proportions has a margin of error of no more than 4%?
Hint, use:
ni is the sample size required in each group (i=1,2), Z is the value from the standard
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