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![3. (20 pts) Draw out glycolysis 2 times. Include:
-the structures of all substrates and products and their names
-all enzymes
-all cofactors](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F6fa1b257-5cbf-45f7-a3d7-45f50e435b77%2Fdac70065-19e5-4a3e-9d0b-93f30942c7de%2Fqyligj_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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- 3. Glycogenolysis, reaction scheme and regulatory enzymes.1. What is koji and how is it used and prepared as starter enzyme in certain production of food products? list some of its application. (2 pts.) 2. Draw a schematic diagram/process flow diagram of the following enzyme prepared products: Indicate the microorganism used to make the process. (Reminder: Topic is enzyme, here you are applying enzyme-producing microorganisms to produce food/beverage products) 2.1 soy sauce (2 pts) 2.2 miso (2 pts) 2.3 sake (2 pts) 2.4 OTHER PRODUCT YOU CAN FIND involving enzyme preparation (3 pts) 3. Write the chemical reaction involve or show chemical reaction mechanism in(for) the production of the following: (Reminder: deduce the basic chemical reaction, don't provide complex reaction mechanism(s). Quiz will not give you a complex reaction :) 3.1 soy sauce (3 pts) 3.2 miso (3 pts) 3.3 sake (3 pts)Describe the breakdown of sucrose in the body and the revelant pathways of the byproducts. In the breakdown, be sure to use the following terms: active site, disaccharide, enzyme-substrate complex, fructose, glucose, glycosidic bond, hydrolysis, product, substrate, sucrase (the enzyme that splits sucrose), and sucrose. Also explain what happens to glucose and fructose in the liver.
- 19. Clearly distinguish between the 3 parts of glycolysis.Identify the metabolic pathway or reaction based on the products produced. 4ATP + 4 Hydrogen ions: 24 Hydrogen ions: 1ATP + 8 Hydrogen ions: 4 Hydrogen ions:II. Four years old boy experiences problems in dealing with physical load. Muscle biopsy has shown that carnitine concentration is 4 times less then, normal. Lipid vacuoles have bcen found in the cytosol of the muscle cells. What are the possible causes of such a condition of the patient? For the answer: a) draw the reactions of the specific metabolic pathway, disturbed in the patient; b) describe the role of carnitine in this process, supporting the answer with an appropriate scheme; c) describe the molecular mechanisms underlying the process offat accumulation in the myocytes of the patients with this disease.
- I. Indicate whether each of the following statements are true or false. _1. According to the lock-and-key model of enzyme action, the active site of an enzyme is flexible in shape. 2. In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the compound that undergoes a chemical change is called the substrate. 3. The nonprotein portion of a conjugated enzyme is the enzyme's active site. _4. Simple enzymes have inorganic cofactors, and conjugated enzymes have organic cofactors. 5. Vitamins are required in minute quantities for normal cellular function. 6. vitamins are found in all food groups. 7. Ribose sugars are found on one chain of the DNA molecule and deoxyribose sugars are found on the other chain of the DNA molecule. 8. A DNA molecule has a double helix at one end of the molecule and a single helix at the other end of the molecule. _9. Complementary bases are held together by covalent bonds. 10. DNA molecules always contain the nitrogenous base thymine.The control of which enzyme exerts the most control on glycolysis? hexokinase phosphofructokinase glucose-6-phosphatase aldolaseDraw all the steps in glycolysis, including: names and structures of all metabolites, names of enzyme(s) responsible for each step, and an indication of whether each step is reversible or not.
- 1. What are enzymes? Describe briefly each class of enzyme according to its function. 2. What are the factors that affect enzyme activity? 3. How would you differentiate catalase from peroxidase?Explain the specific stages in glycolysis that are regulated and how they are regulated. Remember to include all reactants, products and enzymes. Include the conditions for how they are regulated.Introduction: (4 pts) (Answer questions in paragraph form - 300 words max) What are enzymes and what do they do? What are the optimal conditions for an enzyme? What factors affect enzyme activity and how? How is the structure of an enzyme related to its function? What is amylase? What reaction does it catalyze? Research the amylase enzyme you used (organism) and the optimal conditions of temperature, pH, or salt, it requires. Explain why DNS is used and why it is important for determining enzyme activity. Cite and reference your sources using APA style.
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