(3) The exponential of a number x can be computed through the Taylor series e=1+2+2/2++"/n!+... e² = 1 + x + x² / 2 + ··· + x^ /n! + ... The exponential of a square matrix A is defined by the Taylor series: A² A³ 2 3! An e₁ = I + A+ + + + +... where I is the identity matrix of the same size as A. n! (a) Find e for 0 2 3 B == 004 000 As you will learn, the solution of the system of first order differential equations d x= Ax dt with initial condition (0) Fois = x(t) = e¹¹ão, where et=I+ At+ (At)² (At)³ (At)" + + + + 2! 3! n! A square matrix A is said to be diagonal, if all of its entries outside of the main diagonal, (a), are equal to zero. If A is a diagonal matrix, then it is very easy to calculate e, For example, let Then eA - (61) + ( 0 -(32) (1+3+ (3)² + .. -(63) 0 A 1-(2) + ( 3 0 02 2! 0 (2)2 + 3! +. 2! 0 3! 0 1+2+(2)²+ -1 (b) What is e, where D = 0 40 ? 0 00

Algebra and Trigonometry (6th Edition)
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Author:Robert F. Blitzer
Publisher:Robert F. Blitzer
ChapterP: Prerequisites: Fundamental Concepts Of Algebra
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1MCCP: In Exercises 1-25, simplify the given expression or perform the indicated operation (and simplify,...
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(3) The exponential of a number x can be computed through the Taylor series
e=1+2+2/2++"/n!+...
e² = 1 + x + x² / 2 + ··· + x^ /n! + ...
The exponential of a square matrix A is defined by the Taylor series:
A² A³
2 3!
An
e₁ = I + A+ + + + +...
where I is the identity matrix of the same size as A.
n!
(a) Find e for
0 2 3
B ==
004
000
As you will learn, the solution of the system of first order differential equations
d
x= Ax
dt
with initial condition (0) Fois
=
x(t) = e¹¹ão,
where
et=I+ At+
(At)² (At)³
(At)"
+
+
+
+
2!
3!
n!
A square matrix A is said to be diagonal, if all of its entries outside of the main diagonal,
(a), are equal to zero. If A is a diagonal matrix, then it is very easy to calculate e, For
example, let
Then
eA
- (61) + (
0
-(32)
(1+3+ (3)² + ..
-(63)
0
A
1-(2)
+
(
3 0
02
2!
0
(2)2
+
3!
+.
2!
0
3!
0
1+2+(2)²+
-1
(b) What is e, where D =
0
40 ?
0 00
Transcribed Image Text:(3) The exponential of a number x can be computed through the Taylor series e=1+2+2/2++"/n!+... e² = 1 + x + x² / 2 + ··· + x^ /n! + ... The exponential of a square matrix A is defined by the Taylor series: A² A³ 2 3! An e₁ = I + A+ + + + +... where I is the identity matrix of the same size as A. n! (a) Find e for 0 2 3 B == 004 000 As you will learn, the solution of the system of first order differential equations d x= Ax dt with initial condition (0) Fois = x(t) = e¹¹ão, where et=I+ At+ (At)² (At)³ (At)" + + + + 2! 3! n! A square matrix A is said to be diagonal, if all of its entries outside of the main diagonal, (a), are equal to zero. If A is a diagonal matrix, then it is very easy to calculate e, For example, let Then eA - (61) + ( 0 -(32) (1+3+ (3)² + .. -(63) 0 A 1-(2) + ( 3 0 02 2! 0 (2)2 + 3! +. 2! 0 3! 0 1+2+(2)²+ -1 (b) What is e, where D = 0 40 ? 0 00
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