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(3) R-ON excess R'-X Amine HN- Quaternary ammonium salt (H or) R (H or) R Ketone or aldehyde a-Halogenated ketone (4)

(3) R-ON excess R'-X Amine HN- Quaternary ammonium salt (H or) R (H or) R Ketone or aldehyde a-Halogenated ketone (4)

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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What is the mechanisms to get fron the reactant to the products.
**Table 10.1 - Functional Group Transformations** | **Starting Compound Class** | **Typical Reagents and Reaction Conditions** | **Compound Formed** | |---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|----------------------------| | **Amine** (R-NH₂) | Excess R-X | **Quaternary ammonium salt** (R₄N⁺X⁻) | | **α-Halogenated Ketone or Aldehyde** | HO⁻ / NH₂⁻ | **Ketone or Aldehyde** (removal of X) | **Reaction Details:** 1. **Amine to Quaternary Ammonium Salt**: - **Starting Material**: Amine (R-NH₂) - **Reagents**: Excess alkyl halide (R-X) - **Product Formed**: Quaternary ammonium salt (R₄N⁺X⁻) 2. **α-Halogenated Ketone or Aldehyde to Ketone or Aldehyde**: - **Starting Material**: α-Halogenated ketone or aldehyde - **Reagents**: Hydroxide ion (HO⁻) or an amide ion (NH₂⁻) - **Product Formed**: Ketone or aldehyde (X is replaced by R or H) _This table serves as a quick reference for common transformations involving amines and α-halogenated carbonyl compounds, showcasing the reagents and conditions typically used to achieve these transformations._
Transcribed Image Text:**Table 10.1 - Functional Group Transformations** | **Starting Compound Class** | **Typical Reagents and Reaction Conditions** | **Compound Formed** | |---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|----------------------------| | **Amine** (R-NH₂) | Excess R-X | **Quaternary ammonium salt** (R₄N⁺X⁻) | | **α-Halogenated Ketone or Aldehyde** | HO⁻ / NH₂⁻ | **Ketone or Aldehyde** (removal of X) | **Reaction Details:** 1. **Amine to Quaternary Ammonium Salt**: - **Starting Material**: Amine (R-NH₂) - **Reagents**: Excess alkyl halide (R-X) - **Product Formed**: Quaternary ammonium salt (R₄N⁺X⁻) 2. **α-Halogenated Ketone or Aldehyde to Ketone or Aldehyde**: - **Starting Material**: α-Halogenated ketone or aldehyde - **Reagents**: Hydroxide ion (HO⁻) or an amide ion (NH₂⁻) - **Product Formed**: Ketone or aldehyde (X is replaced by R or H) _This table serves as a quick reference for common transformations involving amines and α-halogenated carbonyl compounds, showcasing the reagents and conditions typically used to achieve these transformations._
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