28.11 This question also relates to extended trial balances (see Exhibit 28.2) From the following trial balance of John Brown, store owner, prepare a trading account and profit and loss account for the year ended 31 December 20X7, and a balance sheet as at that date, taking into consideration the adjustments shown below: Trial Balance as at 31 December 20X7 Dr Cr £ Sales 400,000 Purchases 350,000 5,000 Sales returns Purchases returns 6,200 Opening stock at 1 January 20X7 Provision for doubtful debts Wages and salaries Rates Telephone Shop fittings at cost 100,000 800 30,000 6,000 1,000 40,000 30,000 9,800 200 Van at cost Debtors and creditors 7,000 Bad debts Capital Bank balance 179,000 3,000 18,000 593,000 Drawings 593,000 (i) Closing stock at 31 December 20X7 £120,000. (ii) Accrued wages £5,000. (iii) Rates prepaid £500. (iv) The provision for doubtful debts to be increased to 10 per cent of debtors. (v) Telephone account outstanding £220. (vi) Depreciate shop fittings at 10 per cent per annum, and van at 20 per cent per annum, on cost.
The Effect Of Prepaid Taxes On Assets And Liabilities
Many businesses estimate tax liability and make payments throughout the year (often quarterly). When a company overestimates its tax liability, this results in the business paying a prepaid tax. Prepaid taxes will be reversed within one year but can result in prepaid assets and liabilities.
Final Accounts
Financial accounting is one of the branches of accounting in which the transactions arising in the business over a particular period are recorded.
Ledger Posting
A ledger is an account that provides information on all the transactions that have taken place during a particular period. It is also known as General Ledger. For example, your bank account statement is a general ledger that gives information about the amount paid/debited or received/ credited from your bank account over some time.
Trial Balance and Final Accounts
In accounting we start with recording transaction with journal entries then we make separate ledger account for each type of transaction. It is very necessary to check and verify that the transaction transferred to ledgers from the journal are accurately recorded or not. Trial balance helps in this. Trial balance helps to check the accuracy of posting the ledger accounts. It helps the accountant to assist in preparing final accounts. It also helps the accountant to check whether all the debits and credits of items are recorded and posted accurately. Like in a balance sheet debit and credit side should be equal, similarly in trial balance debit balance and credit balance should tally.
Adjustment Entries
At the end of every accounting period Adjustment Entries are made in order to adjust the accounts precisely replicate the expenses and revenue of the current period. It is also known as end of period adjustment. It can also be referred as financial reporting that corrects the errors made previously in the accounting period. The basic characteristics of every adjustment entry is that it affects at least one real account and one nominal account.
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