28. As of January 1, 20Y5, Tippy Cup Co. had a balance of $15,000 for raw materials inventory. The company's ending balance of raw materials inventory totaled $13,900. Every four months, the company purchases 250 pounds of raw materials at $25 a pound. Calculate the cost of direct materials used for the year. 29. Tippy Cup Co. also incurred $10,550 for factory overhead and 250 hours of direct labor at $10.30 per hour. Using the cost of direct materials used calculated in Exercise 28, determine the total manufacturing costs incurred for the year. 30. As of January 1, 2018, Tippy Cup Co.'s work in process inventory had a beginning balance of $98,750. The ending balance of work in process inventory totaled $92,350. Using the information calculated in Exercise 29, calculate the cost of goods manufactured for the year.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
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