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25. Both cis-1,2,-dichloroethylene and trans-1,2,-dichloroethylene have the same molecular formula: C₂H₂Cl₂. However, the cis compound has a dipole moment, while the trans compound does not. One of these species has a boiling point of 60.3°C and the other has a boiling point of 47.5°C. Which compound has which boiling point?

25. Both cis-1,2,-dichloroethylene and trans-1,2,-dichloroethylene have the same molecular formula: C₂H₂Cl₂. However, the cis compound has a dipole moment, while the trans compound does not. One of these species has a boiling point of 60.3°C and the other has a boiling point of 47.5°C. Which compound has which boiling point?

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Can you help me solve questions 25,26 and 27?
25. Both cis-1,2,-dichloroethylene and trans-1,2,-dichloroethylene have the same molecular formula: C₂H₂Cl₂. However, the cis compound has a dipole moment, while the trans compound does not. One of these species has a boiling point of 60.3°C and the other has a boiling point of 47.5°C. Which compound has which boiling point? 26. Rank each of the following groups of substances in order of increasing boiling point based on the structures of the molecules (do not look at published references for the precise boiling points): a. NH3, He, CH3F, CH4 b. CH3Br, Ne, CH3OH, CH3CN c. CH4, SiH4, GeH4, SnH4 27. Fluoromethane (CH3F) and methanol (CH3OH) have approximately the same molecular weight. However, the boiling point of CH3OH is 65.15°C while the boiling point of CH3F is -78.4°C. Explain the difference in boiling points. 28. In each of the following groups of substances, indicate which has the highest boiling point. You should be able to reason this out without looking at a table of chemical boiling points. HCI H3CCF3 H₂O CC14 NaCl a. b. KF 0₂ O H₂O CaO 1₂ 29. Which of the following liquids does not exhibit hydrogen bonding? H₂ CH3CH₂CH₂OH 5
Transcribed Image Text:25. Both cis-1,2,-dichloroethylene and trans-1,2,-dichloroethylene have the same molecular formula: C₂H₂Cl₂. However, the cis compound has a dipole moment, while the trans compound does not. One of these species has a boiling point of 60.3°C and the other has a boiling point of 47.5°C. Which compound has which boiling point? 26. Rank each of the following groups of substances in order of increasing boiling point based on the structures of the molecules (do not look at published references for the precise boiling points): a. NH3, He, CH3F, CH4 b. CH3Br, Ne, CH3OH, CH3CN c. CH4, SiH4, GeH4, SnH4 27. Fluoromethane (CH3F) and methanol (CH3OH) have approximately the same molecular weight. However, the boiling point of CH3OH is 65.15°C while the boiling point of CH3F is -78.4°C. Explain the difference in boiling points. 28. In each of the following groups of substances, indicate which has the highest boiling point. You should be able to reason this out without looking at a table of chemical boiling points. HCI H3CCF3 H₂O CC14 NaCl a. b. KF 0₂ O H₂O CaO 1₂ 29. Which of the following liquids does not exhibit hydrogen bonding? H₂ CH3CH₂CH₂OH 5
To a large extent, the boiling point of a liquid is determined by the strength of the intermolecular forces in the liquid. These intermolecular forces are largely determined by the structure of the individual molecules. Table 1. Boiling points of selected compounds. Alkanes are hydrocarbons containing only single bonds and atoms of C and H. Ketones contain a C=O group (double bond between O and C). Alcohols contain an O-H group (single bond between O and H). MW means molecular weight. bp (°C) -42.1 Alkane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3 CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)8CH3 decane MW (g/mole) 44.1 58.1 72.2 -0.5 142 36.1 86.2 69 174 Alcohol CH3CH2CH2OH 1-propanol CH3(CH2)2CH2OH 1-butanol CH3(CH2)3CH2OH 1-pentanol CH3(CH2)4CH2OH 1-hexanol CH3(CH2)8 CH2OH 1-decanol Ketone .CH₂CCH3 11 O acetone CH3CCH2CH3 O 2-butanone CH₂C(CH₂)2CH3 O 2-pentanone CH3C(CH,);CH3 O 2-hexanone CH,C(CH),CH3 Ö 2-decanone MW (g/mole) 60.1 102 bp (°C) 74.1 117 97.4 88.2 137 158 158 229 MW (g/mole) 58.1 72.1 100 bp (°C) 156 86.1 102 - 56.2 79.6 128 210 EN for H=2.1, EN for O = 3.5 Electronegativity (EN) values for C, H, and O are: EN for C = 2.5, The difference in EN between two atoms is symbolized as AEN. A bond between two nonmetal atoms is categorized as "nonpolar" if 0 <AEN ≤ 0.4. A bond between two nonmetal atoms is categorized as "polar covalent" if 0.4 <AEN ≤ 1.9. It A bond between two atoms is probably "ionic" if AEN > 1.9 and if the compound is composed of both metal and nonmetal. 200 trogo 207 yo-20/ SO 2 3. Considering the AE non po 4. Considering the 4 lodu
Transcribed Image Text:To a large extent, the boiling point of a liquid is determined by the strength of the intermolecular forces in the liquid. These intermolecular forces are largely determined by the structure of the individual molecules. Table 1. Boiling points of selected compounds. Alkanes are hydrocarbons containing only single bonds and atoms of C and H. Ketones contain a C=O group (double bond between O and C). Alcohols contain an O-H group (single bond between O and H). MW means molecular weight. bp (°C) -42.1 Alkane CH3CH2CH3 propane CH3(CH2)2CH3 butane CH3(CH2)3 CH3 pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 hexane CH3(CH2)8CH3 decane MW (g/mole) 44.1 58.1 72.2 -0.5 142 36.1 86.2 69 174 Alcohol CH3CH2CH2OH 1-propanol CH3(CH2)2CH2OH 1-butanol CH3(CH2)3CH2OH 1-pentanol CH3(CH2)4CH2OH 1-hexanol CH3(CH2)8 CH2OH 1-decanol Ketone .CH₂CCH3 11 O acetone CH3CCH2CH3 O 2-butanone CH₂C(CH₂)2CH3 O 2-pentanone CH3C(CH,);CH3 O 2-hexanone CH,C(CH),CH3 Ö 2-decanone MW (g/mole) 60.1 102 bp (°C) 74.1 117 97.4 88.2 137 158 158 229 MW (g/mole) 58.1 72.1 100 bp (°C) 156 86.1 102 - 56.2 79.6 128 210 EN for H=2.1, EN for O = 3.5 Electronegativity (EN) values for C, H, and O are: EN for C = 2.5, The difference in EN between two atoms is symbolized as AEN. A bond between two nonmetal atoms is categorized as "nonpolar" if 0 <AEN ≤ 0.4. A bond between two nonmetal atoms is categorized as "polar covalent" if 0.4 <AEN ≤ 1.9. It A bond between two atoms is probably "ionic" if AEN > 1.9 and if the compound is composed of both metal and nonmetal. 200 trogo 207 yo-20/ SO 2 3. Considering the AE non po 4. Considering the 4 lodu
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