24. What are the electron and hydrogen carriers between the light and dark reactions? 25. NADP+ -→NADPH ; 26. ADP + P + 27. How is O-released by splitting of (H₂Olor CO? - H₂0

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Numbers 24-26

### Photosynthesis and Related Concepts

1. **Fruits with Carotenoid Pigment**: 
   - These fruits appear yellow in color. Based on this fact, consider the following questions:
     - a. These fruits absorb yellow color the most. (True/False)
     - b. These fruits reflect yellow completely. (True/False)
     - c. These fruits absorb any color in the visible spectrum except yellow. (True/False)
     - d. These fruits reflect any color except yellow. (True/False)

2. **Leaf Structure**:
   - Green leaves have openings on the lower side called **stoma**.
   - These openings serve to allow the gases **carbon dioxide and oxygen** to go in and out.

3. **Water Source**:
   - Water comes from the **air** (roots, air).

4. **Cell Structure**:
   - The cells containing green pigments are called **chloroplast** cells.
   - Photosynthesis occurs in the organelles called **chloroplasts**.
   - The organelle with a double-layered membrane and coin-like stacked structures is called **grana**.

5. **Photosynthesis Reactions**:
   - What are the two overall reactions in photosynthesis? 
     - **Light-dependent and light-independent reactions**

6. **Light Reaction**:
   - What are the reactants for light reaction, and what are the products?
     - **Reactants: carbon dioxide and water**
     - **Products: glucose and oxygen**

7. **Calvin Cycle** (Carbon Reaction):
   - What are the reactants for carbon (dark) reaction?
     - **Carbon dioxide**
   - What are the products of carbon (dark) reaction?
     - **Glucose**

8. **Energy Carriers**:
   - What are the electron and hydrogen carriers between the light and dark reactions?
   - ADP + Pi + _______ ------> _______.

9. **Oxygen Release**:
   - How is O₂ released: by splitting of (H₂O) or CO₂?
     - **H₂O**
   - O₂ is released after the light reaction.

10. **ATP Production**:
    - What enzyme helps in ATP production?
      - **ATP synthase**

11. **Calvin Cycle Enzyme**:
    - What enzyme is necessary for the Calvin cycle (carbon reaction or dark reaction) for the production of
Transcribed Image Text:### Photosynthesis and Related Concepts 1. **Fruits with Carotenoid Pigment**: - These fruits appear yellow in color. Based on this fact, consider the following questions: - a. These fruits absorb yellow color the most. (True/False) - b. These fruits reflect yellow completely. (True/False) - c. These fruits absorb any color in the visible spectrum except yellow. (True/False) - d. These fruits reflect any color except yellow. (True/False) 2. **Leaf Structure**: - Green leaves have openings on the lower side called **stoma**. - These openings serve to allow the gases **carbon dioxide and oxygen** to go in and out. 3. **Water Source**: - Water comes from the **air** (roots, air). 4. **Cell Structure**: - The cells containing green pigments are called **chloroplast** cells. - Photosynthesis occurs in the organelles called **chloroplasts**. - The organelle with a double-layered membrane and coin-like stacked structures is called **grana**. 5. **Photosynthesis Reactions**: - What are the two overall reactions in photosynthesis? - **Light-dependent and light-independent reactions** 6. **Light Reaction**: - What are the reactants for light reaction, and what are the products? - **Reactants: carbon dioxide and water** - **Products: glucose and oxygen** 7. **Calvin Cycle** (Carbon Reaction): - What are the reactants for carbon (dark) reaction? - **Carbon dioxide** - What are the products of carbon (dark) reaction? - **Glucose** 8. **Energy Carriers**: - What are the electron and hydrogen carriers between the light and dark reactions? - ADP + Pi + _______ ------> _______. 9. **Oxygen Release**: - How is O₂ released: by splitting of (H₂O) or CO₂? - **H₂O** - O₂ is released after the light reaction. 10. **ATP Production**: - What enzyme helps in ATP production? - **ATP synthase** 11. **Calvin Cycle Enzyme**: - What enzyme is necessary for the Calvin cycle (carbon reaction or dark reaction) for the production of
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