21. Spot the flaw. Tabershaw and Lamm (1977) compared the observed and expected numbers of different leukemia types in a study group of workers who had been exposed to benzene during their employment. They were testing a previous suggestion that exposure to benzene increases the probability of acute leukemia while not changing the occurrence of other leukemia types. Their expected numbers are based on the relative frequencies of these diagnoses in the population as a whole. The numbers are presented in the following table. Type of leukemia Observed Expected Chronic lymphocytic 2 Chronic myelogenous 1 1 Monocytic 1 Acute 4 3 The researchers applied a x' goodness-of-fit test to the data and calculated a x? value of 3.33, with df = 3. From the information given, what is the largest error made in this analysis?

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21. Spot the flaw. Tabershaw and Lamm (1977) compared the observed and expected
numbers of different leukemia types in a study group of workers who had been
exposed to benzene during their employment. They were testing a previous
suggestion that exposure to benzene increases the probability of acute leukemia
while not changing the occurrence of other leukemia types. Their expected numbers
are based on the relative frequencies of these diagnoses in the population as a whole.
The numbers are presented in the following table.
Type of leukemia
Observed
Expected
Chronic lymphocytic
2
Chronic myelogenous
1
1
Monocytic
1
Acute
4
3
The researchers applied a x' goodness-of-fit test to the data and calculated a x? value
of 3.33, with df = 3. From the information given, what is the largest error made in
this analysis?
Transcribed Image Text:21. Spot the flaw. Tabershaw and Lamm (1977) compared the observed and expected numbers of different leukemia types in a study group of workers who had been exposed to benzene during their employment. They were testing a previous suggestion that exposure to benzene increases the probability of acute leukemia while not changing the occurrence of other leukemia types. Their expected numbers are based on the relative frequencies of these diagnoses in the population as a whole. The numbers are presented in the following table. Type of leukemia Observed Expected Chronic lymphocytic 2 Chronic myelogenous 1 1 Monocytic 1 Acute 4 3 The researchers applied a x' goodness-of-fit test to the data and calculated a x? value of 3.33, with df = 3. From the information given, what is the largest error made in this analysis?
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