21) Symbolic interactionists argue that crime is a. deviant. b. learned through social interactions. c. the result of class struggles. d. the result of unequal opportunities. 22) A sociologist drawing on this theory would emphasize that "no act is inherently deviant." a. differential association b. labelling c. strain d. illegitimate opportunity 23) Which of the following is not a major tenet of labeling theory? a. It was developed by Karl Marx. b. It was first discussed in the book Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. c. It suggests that deviance is socially produced. d. It focuses on understanding what happens to people once they have been singled out and defined as deviant. 24) Traditional sociological theories have either ignored or _________women's criminal involvements. a. pathologized b. rationalized c. exaggerated d. denounced 25) The belief that female offenders are treated more leniently by law enforcement officials as a result of the latter's traditional attitude toward women is known as the __________ hypothesis. a. chivalry b. patriarchy c. paternalism d. androcentric 26) Historically, female criminals have been viewed as being a. sick. b. rebellious. c. retreatist. d. admirable. 27) According to Comack and Brickey's (2007) research on gender differences and crime perception, women who commit violent acts are generally constructed as either a. "victims," "sad," or "mad." b. "victims," "bad," or "manipulative." c. "victims," "bad," or "mad." d. "bad," "mad," or "sad." 28) Many researchers have found a link between female crime and a. victimization. b. mental illness. c. greater-than-average height. d. fear-gender paradox. 29) Which of the following is not true about Canadian law? a. Canada's legal institutions are based on the American legal system. b. Canadian law is guided by the rule of law. c. Everyone is entitled to equal justice under the law. d. Canadian law is meant to ensure that laws are created, administered, and enforced on the basis of acceptable procedures that promote fairness and equality. 30) Most generally, sociologists who study law seek to place legal phenomena of all variety into a _______ context. a. moral b. legal c. social d. human
21) Symbolic interactionists argue that crime is
a. deviant.
b. learned through social interactions.
c. the result of class struggles.
d. the result of unequal opportunities.
22) A sociologist drawing on this theory would emphasize that "no act is inherently deviant."
a. differential association
b. labelling
c. strain
d. illegitimate opportunity
23) Which of the following is not a major tenet of labeling theory?
a. It was developed by Karl Marx.
b. It was first discussed in the book Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance.
c. It suggests that deviance is socially produced.
d. It focuses on understanding what happens to people once they have been singled out and defined as deviant.
24) Traditional sociological theories have either ignored or _________women's criminal involvements.
a. pathologized
b. rationalized
c. exaggerated
d. denounced
25) The belief that female offenders are treated more leniently by law enforcement officials as a result of the latter's traditional attitude toward women is known as the __________ hypothesis.
a. chivalry
b. patriarchy
c. paternalism
d. androcentric
26) Historically, female criminals have been viewed as being
a. sick.
b. rebellious.
c. retreatist.
d. admirable.
27) According to Comack and Brickey's (2007) research on gender differences and crime perception, women who commit violent acts are generally constructed as either
a. "victims," "sad," or "mad."
b. "victims," "bad," or "manipulative."
c. "victims," "bad," or "mad."
d. "bad," "mad," or "sad."
28) Many researchers have found a link between female crime and
a. victimization.
b. mental illness.
c. greater-than-average height.
d. fear-gender paradox.
29) Which of the following is not true about Canadian law?
a. Canada's legal institutions are based on the American legal system.
b. Canadian law is guided by the rule of law.
c. Everyone is entitled to equal justice under the law.
d. Canadian law is meant to ensure that laws are created, administered, and enforced on the basis of acceptable procedures that promote fairness and equality.
30) Most generally, sociologists who study law seek to place legal phenomena of all variety into a _______ context.
a. moral
b. legal
c. social
d. human
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