20. Parabolas with vertex and focus on the x-axis.

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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Kindly answer items no. 20 and 27
## Families of Curves

### Exercises:

10. **Circles tangent to the x-axis.**  
   - **Answer:** \([1 + (y')^2]^3 = [y'' y + 1 + (y')^2]^2\).

11. **Circles with center on the line \( y = -x \), and passing through the origin.**  
   - **Answer:** \((x^2 - 2xy - y^2) dx + (x^2 - 2xy - y^2) dy = 0\).

12. **Circles of radius unity. Use the fact that the radius of curvature is 1.**  
   - **Answer:** \( (y')^2 = [1 + (y')^2]^3 \).

13. **All circles. Use the curvature.**  
   - **Answer:** \( y''[1 + (y')^2] = 3(y')y''\).

14. **Parabolas with vertex on the x-axis, with axis parallel to the y-axis, and with distance from focus to vertex fixed as \( a \).**  
   - **Answer:** \( a(y')^2 = y \).

15. **Parabolas with vertex on the y-axis, with axis parallel to the x-axis, and with distance from focus to vertex fixed as \( a \).**  
   - **Answer:** \( x(y')^2 = a \).

16. **Parabolas with axis parallel to the y-axis and with distance from vertex to focus fixed as \( a \).**  
   - **Answer:** \( 2ay = 1 \).

17. **Parabolas with axis parallel to the x-axis and with distance from vertex to focus fixed as \( a \).**  
   - **Answer:** \( 2ay + (y')^3 = 0 \).

18. **Work Exercise 17, using differentiation with respect to \( y \).**  
   - **Answer:** \( 2a \frac{d^2x}{dy^2} = 1 \).

19. **Use the fact that:**  
   \[
   \frac{d^2x}{dy^2} \left( \frac{d}{dy} \left( \frac{dx}{dy} \right) \right) 
   = \frac{
Transcribed Image Text:## Families of Curves ### Exercises: 10. **Circles tangent to the x-axis.** - **Answer:** \([1 + (y')^2]^3 = [y'' y + 1 + (y')^2]^2\). 11. **Circles with center on the line \( y = -x \), and passing through the origin.** - **Answer:** \((x^2 - 2xy - y^2) dx + (x^2 - 2xy - y^2) dy = 0\). 12. **Circles of radius unity. Use the fact that the radius of curvature is 1.** - **Answer:** \( (y')^2 = [1 + (y')^2]^3 \). 13. **All circles. Use the curvature.** - **Answer:** \( y''[1 + (y')^2] = 3(y')y''\). 14. **Parabolas with vertex on the x-axis, with axis parallel to the y-axis, and with distance from focus to vertex fixed as \( a \).** - **Answer:** \( a(y')^2 = y \). 15. **Parabolas with vertex on the y-axis, with axis parallel to the x-axis, and with distance from focus to vertex fixed as \( a \).** - **Answer:** \( x(y')^2 = a \). 16. **Parabolas with axis parallel to the y-axis and with distance from vertex to focus fixed as \( a \).** - **Answer:** \( 2ay = 1 \). 17. **Parabolas with axis parallel to the x-axis and with distance from vertex to focus fixed as \( a \).** - **Answer:** \( 2ay + (y')^3 = 0 \). 18. **Work Exercise 17, using differentiation with respect to \( y \).** - **Answer:** \( 2a \frac{d^2x}{dy^2} = 1 \). 19. **Use the fact that:** \[ \frac{d^2x}{dy^2} \left( \frac{d}{dy} \left( \frac{dx}{dy} \right) \right) = \frac{
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