"2.19. WP During the early part of the 20th century, sulfanilamide (an antibacterial drug) was only administered by injection or in a solid pill. In 1937, a pharmaceutical company decided to market a liquid formulation of the drug. Since sulfanilamide was known to be highly insoluble in water and other common pharmaceutical solvents, a number of alternative solvents were tested and the drug was found to be soluble in diethylene glycol (DEG). After satisfactory results were obtained in tests of flavor, appearance, and fragrance, 240 gallons of sulfanilamide in DEG were manufactured and marketed as Elixir Sulfanilamide. After a number of deaths were determined to have been caused by the formulation, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mounted a campaign to recall the drug and recovered about 232 gallons. By this time, 107 people had died. The incident led to passage of the 1938 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that significantly tightened FDA safety requirements. Not all of the quantities needed in solving the following problems can be found in the text. Give sources of such information and list all assumptions. a. The dosage instructions for the elixir were to “take 2 to 3 teaspoons in water every four hours." Assume each teaspoon was pure DEG, and estimate the volume (mL) of DEG a patient would have consumed in a day. b. The lethal oral dose of diethylene glycol has been estimated to be 1.4 mL DEG/kg body mass. Determine the maximum patient mass (lbm) for which the daily dose estimated in Part (a) would be fatal. If you need values of quantities you cannot find in this text, use the Internet. Suggest three reasons why that dose could be dangerous to a patient whose mass is well above the calculated value. c. Estimate how many people would have been poisoned if the total production of the drug had been consumed. d. List steps the company should have taken that would have prevented this tragedy.

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781259696527

Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Question

The problem that is listed below need to be solved and you may access that problem via viewing them through the attached images in this request. **Question Number #2.19**

"2.19. WP During the early part of the 20th century, sulfanilamide (an antibacterial drug) was only administered by injection or in a solid pill. In 1937, a pharmaceutical company
decided to market a liquid formulation of the drug. Since sulfanilamide was known to be highly insoluble in water and other common pharmaceutical solvents, a number of alternative
solvents were tested and the drug was found to be soluble in diethylene glycol (DEG). After satisfactory results were obtained in tests of flavor, appearance, and fragrance, 240 gallons of
sulfanilamide in DEG were manufactured and marketed as Elixir Sulfanilamide. After a number of deaths were determined to have been caused by the formulation, the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) mounted a campaign to recall the drug and recovered about 232 gallons. By this time, 107 people had died. The incident led to passage of the 1938 Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act that significantly tightened FDA safety requirements.
Not all of the quantities needed in solving the following problems can be found in the text. Give sources of such information and list all assumptions.
a. The dosage instructions for the elixir were to “take 2 to 3 teaspoons in water every four hours." Assume each teaspoon was pure DEG, and estimate the volume (mL) of DEG a patient
would have consumed in a day.
b. The lethal oral dose of diethylene glycol has been estimated to be 1.4 mL DEG/kg body mass. Determine the maximum patient mass (lbm) for which the daily dose estimated in Part
(a) would be fatal. If you need values of quantities you cannot find in this text, use the Internet. Suggest three reasons why that dose could be dangerous to a patient whose mass is
well above the calculated value.
c. Estimate how many people would have been poisoned if the total production of the drug had been consumed.
d. List steps the company should have taken that would have prevented this tragedy.

Expert Solution

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps with 4 images

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Recommended textbooks for you

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami…

Chemical Engineering

ISBN:

9781259696527

Author:

J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Publisher:

McGraw-Hill Education