How do i calculate the overall dipole moment? ### Understanding the Polarity of Water (H₂O)**Molecular Geometry and Polarity**The diagram illustrates the molecular structure and polarity of water (H₂O). Water is a polar molecule due to its molecular shape and the electronegativity difference between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms.**Structure Description:**- **Central Oxygen Atom:** - Represented by a red sphere. - **Hydrogen Atoms:** - Represented by two white spheres connected to the oxygen atom.**Numerical Values:**- The electronegativity values are shown as follows: - Oxygen to Hydrogen bonds each have a value of 2.1.**Bond Dipoles:**- **Bond Dipole Arrows:** - Illustrated by arrows pointing from the hydrogen atoms towards the oxygen atom. - These arrows indicate the direction of the bond dipole, which occurs because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen. **Overall Dipole Moment:**- The overall dipole moment of the molecule is depicted by a larger arrow pointing upwards from the oxygen, labeled with the value 3.5. This suggests that the water molecule has a net dipole moment, contributing to its polarity.**Conclusion:**- Due to the asymmetric shape and the differing electronegativities between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms, water has a strong overall dipole moment, making it a polar molecule. This polarity leads to water's unique properties, such as its ability to dissolve many substances.

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2.1 H₂O, polar Bond dipoles 3.5 2.1 Overall dipole moment

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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How do i calculate the overall dipole moment?

### Understanding the Polarity of Water (H₂O)

**Molecular Geometry and Polarity**

The diagram illustrates the molecular structure and polarity of water (H₂O). Water is a polar molecule due to its molecular shape and the electronegativity difference between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

**Structure Description:**

- **Central Oxygen Atom:**
- Represented by a red sphere.

- **Hydrogen Atoms:**
- Represented by two white spheres connected to the oxygen atom.

**Numerical Values:**

- The electronegativity values are shown as follows:
- Oxygen to Hydrogen bonds each have a value of 2.1.

**Bond Dipoles:**

- **Bond Dipole Arrows:**
- Illustrated by arrows pointing from the hydrogen atoms towards the oxygen atom.
- These arrows indicate the direction of the bond dipole, which occurs because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.

**Overall Dipole Moment:**

- The overall dipole moment of the molecule is depicted by a larger arrow pointing upwards from the oxygen, labeled with the value 3.5. This suggests that the water molecule has a net dipole moment, contributing to its polarity.

**Conclusion:**

- Due to the asymmetric shape and the differing electronegativities between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms, water has a strong overall dipole moment, making it a polar molecule. This polarity leads to water's unique properties, such as its ability to dissolve many substances.

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