2. Write the equation involved in the hydrolysis of sucrose.

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Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
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2. Write the equation involved in the hydrolysis of sucrose.
Transcribed Image Text:2. Write the equation involved in the hydrolysis of sucrose.
HYDROLYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES
INTRODUCTION:
Hydrolysis is the process where water is used to break long polysaccharide
chains into smaller chains or into simple carbohydrates.
Disaccharides can be hydrolyzed into two monosaccharaides units by the use o
an enzyme or acid. Sucrose is table sugar which yields glucose and fructose while
lactose gives glucose and galactose after hydrolysis.
Starch is a homopolysaccharide made up of d-glucose polymer. They are
reserved carbohydrates of plants. They are made of two types of polymers namely:
amylose (10-30%), no linear and has a 1,4 link and amylopectin (70-90%) is branched
having the a 1,4 link and a 1,6 link.
Objectives: At the end of the activity, the student can:
1. Hydrolyze the carbohydrate into its monosaccharide unit.
2. Test the products of hydrolysis.
Reagents: 6 ml Benedict's reagent, 3 ml Seliwanoff's reagent, 1 ml iodine in KI, 4 ml
3M HCI, 4 ml 3M NaOH, 30 ml distilled water, 0.5 g starch, 0.5 g sucrose
Materials: 12(20 ml Test tube), 250 ml beaker, water bath, alcohol lamp, tripod,
wire gauze, test tuberack, test tube brush, test tube holder, dropper,
stirring rod, 10 ml graduated cylinder, platform balance.
Procedure:
STARCH - weigh 0.5 g starch and dissolve in 6 ml distilled water. Mix well.
Divide the contents of the tube in 3 equal parts and label the tubes 1,2 and 3. To
tube 1, add 2 ml 3M HCl; to tubes 2 and 3 two ml water each. Heat tubes 1 & 2
in a boiling water bath for 30 minutes. Leave tube 3 at room temperature. After
30 minutes, remove the tubes and cool. To tube 1, add 2 ml 3M NaOH and to
tubes 2& 3, two ml water each. Test each tube as follows:
1
A.
Benedict's test – place 1 ml benedict's reagent in 3 separate tube and
label them tubes A, B, C. To tube A, add 5 drops of the solution in tube
1, to tube B 5 drops of the solution from tube 2 and to tube C, 5 drops
from the solution in tube 3. Heat all 3 tubes in a boiling water bath for 2
minutes. Compare the results of the 3 tubes.
2. Iodine test – to the remaining solution in tubes 1, 2, 3, add 1 drop iodine
in KI in each tube. Compare the results.
B. SUCROSE - repeat the same procedure as in starch. Test each tube with
benedict's test but instead of performing the iodine test, do Seliwanoff's test.
Seliwanoff'stest - add 1 ml Seliwanoff's reagent in 3 separate tube and label
A,B,C. To tube A, add 5 drops of the solution from tube 1, to tube B,,add 5
1
drops of the solution from tube 2 and to tube C, 10 drops of the solution from
tube 3. Heat all tubes in a boiling water bath for 3 minutes. Compare the result.
Transcribed Image Text:HYDROLYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES INTRODUCTION: Hydrolysis is the process where water is used to break long polysaccharide chains into smaller chains or into simple carbohydrates. Disaccharides can be hydrolyzed into two monosaccharaides units by the use o an enzyme or acid. Sucrose is table sugar which yields glucose and fructose while lactose gives glucose and galactose after hydrolysis. Starch is a homopolysaccharide made up of d-glucose polymer. They are reserved carbohydrates of plants. They are made of two types of polymers namely: amylose (10-30%), no linear and has a 1,4 link and amylopectin (70-90%) is branched having the a 1,4 link and a 1,6 link. Objectives: At the end of the activity, the student can: 1. Hydrolyze the carbohydrate into its monosaccharide unit. 2. Test the products of hydrolysis. Reagents: 6 ml Benedict's reagent, 3 ml Seliwanoff's reagent, 1 ml iodine in KI, 4 ml 3M HCI, 4 ml 3M NaOH, 30 ml distilled water, 0.5 g starch, 0.5 g sucrose Materials: 12(20 ml Test tube), 250 ml beaker, water bath, alcohol lamp, tripod, wire gauze, test tuberack, test tube brush, test tube holder, dropper, stirring rod, 10 ml graduated cylinder, platform balance. Procedure: STARCH - weigh 0.5 g starch and dissolve in 6 ml distilled water. Mix well. Divide the contents of the tube in 3 equal parts and label the tubes 1,2 and 3. To tube 1, add 2 ml 3M HCl; to tubes 2 and 3 two ml water each. Heat tubes 1 & 2 in a boiling water bath for 30 minutes. Leave tube 3 at room temperature. After 30 minutes, remove the tubes and cool. To tube 1, add 2 ml 3M NaOH and to tubes 2& 3, two ml water each. Test each tube as follows: 1 A. Benedict's test – place 1 ml benedict's reagent in 3 separate tube and label them tubes A, B, C. To tube A, add 5 drops of the solution in tube 1, to tube B 5 drops of the solution from tube 2 and to tube C, 5 drops from the solution in tube 3. Heat all 3 tubes in a boiling water bath for 2 minutes. Compare the results of the 3 tubes. 2. Iodine test – to the remaining solution in tubes 1, 2, 3, add 1 drop iodine in KI in each tube. Compare the results. B. SUCROSE - repeat the same procedure as in starch. Test each tube with benedict's test but instead of performing the iodine test, do Seliwanoff's test. Seliwanoff'stest - add 1 ml Seliwanoff's reagent in 3 separate tube and label A,B,C. To tube A, add 5 drops of the solution from tube 1, to tube B,,add 5 1 drops of the solution from tube 2 and to tube C, 10 drops of the solution from tube 3. Heat all tubes in a boiling water bath for 3 minutes. Compare the result.
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