Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
![1. Complete the table below.
Tests Based on the Formation of Furfural and Its Derivatives
Test
Purpose
Need Reactant/s
Positive Result
Interpretation
Molisch
Bial
Seliwanoff
Tests Based on the Reducing Property of Sugars
Need Reactant/s
Positive Result
Test
Purpose
Interpretation
Benedict
Barfoed
Phenylhydrazine
Tollen
2. Will disaccharides and polysaccharides give a positive result for Molisch's Test?
3. Which of the different carbohydrate tests would give a positive result for maltose? Describe the color change.
4. Inulin is a polysaccharide composed entirely of fructose units. Which test should be used to best identify the presence of fructose?
5. Draw the organizational diagram of glyceraldehyde.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F06f60ed1-0a87-4bc1-a169-a135dc6377cb%2Fdcf248cc-b45f-440e-80d0-ea2a6b0182b5%2Fdyere4g_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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