Answered: 2. The Ka of acetic acid is 1.80 × 10%.…

2. The Ka of acetic acid is 1.80 × 10%. A. What is the pH of a 0.15 M solution of acetic acid? B. What are the equilibrium concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base?

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337399074

Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Publisher:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Chapter4: Stoichiometry: Quantitative Information About Chemical Reactions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 109GQ: (a) What is the pH of a 0.105 M HCl solution? (b) What is the hydronium ion concentration in a...

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For conjugate acidbase pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)CH3CO2(aq)+H3O+(aq) where Ka = 1.8 105 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)
(a) What is the pH of a 0.105 M HCl solution? (b) What is the hydronium ion concentration in a solution with a pH of 2.56? Is the solution acidic or basic? (c) A solution has a pH of 9.67. What is the hydronium ion concentration in the solution? Is the solution acidic or basic? (d) A 10.0-mL sample of 2.56 M HCl is diluted with water to 250. mL What is the pH of the dilute solution?
What are the products of each of the following acid-base reactions? Indicate the acid and its conjugate base and the base and its conjugate acid. HC1O4+ H2O — NH/ + H2O -» HCOr + OH" —
1. Nitrogen in an industrial wastewater is primarily in the form of ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+) ions. The acid/base equilibrium reaction for ammonia and ammonium is given as: NH4+ → H+ + NH3 Ką = 10-9.26 The total nitrogen concentration in wastewater is given as 2 x 10-3 moles/L (or 28 mg N/L), a. Calculate the concentration of ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4*) ions at pH 10. NH3: moles/L NH4*: moles/L Check b. In ammonia stripping, nitrogen is removed from wastewater by volatilization of NH3. Would ammonia stripping be more effective above or below pH 9? Briefly explain your reasoning.
The Ka of acetic acid is 1.80 x 10-5. A. What is the pH of a 0.0010 M solution of acetic acid? B. What are the equilibrium concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base?
5. a. Determine the hydrogen ion concentration, [H*] for a solution with a pH of 3.42. Is this solution acidic, basic, or neutral? b. If the hydrogen ion concentration, [H°] = 8.47 x 1012 M, what is the pH? Is this solution acidic, basic, or neutral? 6. Calculate the pH of a 0.10 M solution of propanoic acid (C2H;COOH or generically, HA) and determine its percent ionization. K, = 1.3 x 10:5
1. The odor of spoiled butter is due in part to butanoic acid (HC4H7O2) which results from the breakdown of the fat in butter. A 0.100M solution of butanoic acid is 1.23% ionized. a. Write the chemical equation for the ionization of this acid in water. b. Write the Ka expression for this acid. c. What is the equilibrium concentration of each product and the reactant?
How can we answer questions 4 part a and b?
The Ka for a weak acid is 1.2*10^-8. a. What is the equilibrium concentration of OH- in a 0.0020 M solution of the conjugate base? b. What is the equilibrium concentration of the undissociated conjugate base in a 0.0020 M solution of the conjugate base? c. What is the equilibrium pH of a 0.0020 M solution of the conjugate base?
Calculate the pH of each of the following strong acid solutions. A. 5.55×10−2 M HNO3. Express the pH of the solution to three decimal places. B. 0.260 gg of HClO3 in 2.70 L of solution. Express the pH of the solution to three decimal places. C. 5.00 mL of 2.00 M HCl diluted to 0.500 L . Express the pH of the solution to three decimal places. D. A mixture formed by adding 40.0 mL of 2.5×10−2 M HCl to 120 mL of 1.0×10−2 M HI. Express the pH of the solution to two decimal places.
5. A typical aspirin tablet contains 325mg of acetylsalicylic acid (HC9H704) which is a weak acid. The Ka of this acid is 3.69 x 10-4. a. Give the equation for dissociation of the weak acid HC9H7O4. b. What is the initial concentration, in units of molarity, of acetylsalicylic acid if 2 tablets are dissolved in 500. mL of water? c. What is the equilibrium concentration of all species of this solution of acetylsalicylic acid? d. What is the pH, pOH, and % ionization of this solution?
Ephedrine, a central nervous system stimulant, is used in nasal sprays as a decongestant. This compound is a weak organic base: C10H15ON + H₂O → C10H150NH A 0.0350 M solution of ephedrine has a pH of 11.57. a. Write the Kb expression for ephedrine. + OH b. What are the equilibrium concentrations of the reactants and products? c. What is the value of Kb? d. What is the % ionization of ephedrine?