2. The composite shaft, consisting of aluminum, copper, and steel sections, is subjected to the loading shown. Determine the displacement of end A with respect to end D and the normal stress in each section. The cross-sectional area and modulus of elasticity for each section are shown in the figure. Neglect the size of the collars at B and C. Aluminum El=10(10³) ksi AAB=0.09 in² 2.00 kip A 18 in.- Copper Ecu=18(10³) ksi ABC = 0.12 in² 3.50 kip 3.50 kip -12 in. Steel Est = 29(10³) ksi ACD= 0.06 in² 1.75 kip 1.75 kip 16 in- 1.50 kip

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Properties of materials

A property of a material describes its characteristics and distinguishes it from the others. The material properties are described it in terms of its hardness, color, appearances, and so on. The material properties generally depend on the type of material, or whether it is a metal or an alloy. There are different kinds of material properties such as mechanical properties, thermal properties, physical properties, and chemical properties. Chemical properties describe the material in terms of a chemical change. The mechanical properties come into existence when the material is acted upon by an external load. Thermal properties are associated with the temperature of the material and specific heat.