2. In the mid-19h century, Sir Francis Galton demonstrated, through extensive data collection, that many human characteristics such as height and IQ are distributed throughout the entire population in accordance with the normal distribution. Galton recorded the heights of 8585 men in Great Britain. This forms a normal distribution with a mean of 67 inches and standard deviation of 2.5 inches. (a) Graph this normal distribution and label the x-axis. (b) What proportion of these men were between 66 and 68 inches tall? d bolosio (c) What fraction of the adult male population in Great Britain was within one standard deviation of the mean height? [Use the normal distribution function in Excel, not the Empirical Rule]
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
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