2. For each of the following relations on the set {1,3,4, 7}. • R1 = {(7, 7), (1, 1), (4, 4), (3, 3)} R2 = {(3,3), (1, 1), (4, 4), (7, 4), (7, 7), (4, 7), (7, 3)} • R3 = {(3,3), (7,7), (1, 7), (4, 4), (7, 4), (1, 1), (1, 4)} • R4 = {(7,3), (3, 3), (1, 1), (4, 4), (7, 7), (3, 1), (1,3), (3, 7)} %3D (a) Which of these relations are reflexive? If not, give a counterexample. (b) Which of these are symmetric? If not, give a counterexample. (c) Which of these are anti-symmetric? If not, give a counterexample. (d) Which of these are transitive? If not, give a counterexample. (e) Which of these are partial ordering? If not, explain why not. (f) Which of these are equivalence relations? If not, explain why not. (g) Draw the digraph of R4. (h) R2 o R4 =

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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2. For each of the following relations on the set {1,3,4,7}.
• R1 = {(7, 7), (1, 1), (4, 4), (3, 3)}
• R2
{(3, 3), (1, 1), (4, 4), (7, 4), (7, 7), (4, 7), (7, 3)}
• R3 = {(3,3), (7, 7), (1, 7), (4, 4), (7, 4), (1, 1), (1, 4)}
• R4 = {(7,3), (3, 3), (1, 1), (4, 4), (7, 7), (3, 1), (1, 3), (3, 7)}
(a) Which of these relations are reflexive? If not, give a counterexample.
(b) Which of these are symmetric? If not, give a counterexample.
(c) Which of these are anti-symmetric? If not, give a counterexample.
(d) Which of these are transitive? If not, give a counterexample.
(e) Which of these are partial ordering? If not, explain why not.
(f) Which of these are equivalence relations? If not, explain why not.
(g) Draw the digraph of R4.
(h) R2 o R4 =
Transcribed Image Text:2. For each of the following relations on the set {1,3,4,7}. • R1 = {(7, 7), (1, 1), (4, 4), (3, 3)} • R2 {(3, 3), (1, 1), (4, 4), (7, 4), (7, 7), (4, 7), (7, 3)} • R3 = {(3,3), (7, 7), (1, 7), (4, 4), (7, 4), (1, 1), (1, 4)} • R4 = {(7,3), (3, 3), (1, 1), (4, 4), (7, 7), (3, 1), (1, 3), (3, 7)} (a) Which of these relations are reflexive? If not, give a counterexample. (b) Which of these are symmetric? If not, give a counterexample. (c) Which of these are anti-symmetric? If not, give a counterexample. (d) Which of these are transitive? If not, give a counterexample. (e) Which of these are partial ordering? If not, explain why not. (f) Which of these are equivalence relations? If not, explain why not. (g) Draw the digraph of R4. (h) R2 o R4 =
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