2. Draw line drawings for the following Newman projections. CH3 a. C. H. H₂C Br H3C H CH₂CH3 CH3 H $ H CH₂CH3 CH₂Br b. d. H. H3C Br CH3 -I Br CH3 CH₂CH3 CH₂CH3 CH3 H CH3
Classes Of Functional Groups
Organic Chemistry deals mostly with carbon and hydrogens, also called hydrocarbons, but those groups which replace hydrogen and bonds with carbon to give a characteristic nature, unique of their own, to the hydrocarbon they are attached to, are called functional groups. All the compounds belonging to a functional group undergo reactions in a similar pattern and are known to have similar physical and chemical properties.
Characteristics Of Functional Groups
In organic chemistry, we encounter a number of special substituent groups which are attached to the hydrocarbon backbone. These groups impart certain characteristics to the molecule of which it is a part of and thus, become the highlight of that particular molecule.
IUPAC Nomenclature
In Chemistry, IUPAC stands for International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which suggested a systematic naming approach for the organic and inorganic compounds, as in the beginning stage of nomenclature one single chemical compound was named in many ways by which lead to confusion. The need for this approach aroused as the number of chemical compounds newly discovered were increasing (approximately 32 million compounds) and the basic concept of nomenclature i.e. the trivial nomenclature and the derived system of nomenclature failed to overcome the challenge. It is an important task to name a chemical compound systematically and unambiguously which reduces lots of confusion about the newly reported compounds.
The Newman projection is a way of representing the 3D structure of a molecule in a 2D format. In this representation, one carbon-carbon bond of a molecule is shown as a straight line, with the remaining atoms and bonds attached to it. The projection is typically viewed from a specific direction, with one carbon atom represented as the "projacent" carbon and the other as the "recipient" carbon.
The line projection, on the other hand, is a simplified representation of a molecule where the bond-bond and bond-atom interactions are not explicitly shown. In this representation, the molecule is represented as a series of lines connecting the atoms in the molecule. This representation is often used in structural formulas and can provide a quick and easy way to represent the basic structure of a molecule.
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