2. Consider the utility function of individual A given by Ua (X,Y) = X".5ya.s in answering the %3D items below: a. Calculate the marginal utility for each good (MUx & MUY) of individual A and the marginal rate of substitution (MRSXY). Interpret your computed values. b. If Px 0.5, Py = 1, and I = 10, solve for X*, Y*, and U* using the Lagrange %3D Multiplier Method.

Microeconomic Theory
12th Edition
ISBN:9781337517942
Author:NICHOLSON
Publisher:NICHOLSON
Chapter4: Utility Maximization And Choice
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 4.12P
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2. Consider the utility function of individual A given by UA (X,Y) = X".5yd.5 in answering the
items below:
a. Calculate the marginal utility for each good (MUx & MUY) of individual A and the
marginal rate of substitution (MRSXY). Interpret your computed values.
b. If Px 3D 0.5, Pү
Multiplier Method.
1, and I = 10, solve for X*, Y*, and U* using the Lagrange
Transcribed Image Text:2. Consider the utility function of individual A given by UA (X,Y) = X".5yd.5 in answering the items below: a. Calculate the marginal utility for each good (MUx & MUY) of individual A and the marginal rate of substitution (MRSXY). Interpret your computed values. b. If Px 3D 0.5, Pү Multiplier Method. 1, and I = 10, solve for X*, Y*, and U* using the Lagrange
Step 1
Given Utility function
U=x0.5y0.5
Px=0.5
Ру-1
|=10
Step 2
U - X0.5ү0.5
dU
MUX =
dU
MUY
DY
MUX
MRS
%3D
MUY
Part 1)
Solving for the MRS
U = X0.5 y0.5
- (1)
-(2)
MUx =
dU = – -
= 0. 5X-0.5 y 0,5 = 0 -
MUy =
= 0. 5X0.5 Y -0.5 = 0 – –
%D
dY
Ву еquation 1 and 2
0.5X-05y0.5
0.5x05y-0.5
--0.:
MRS =
Y
MRS =
X
Marginal utility of X shows the additional utility received by 1 additional unit
of X consumption.
second order is negative, therefor it represents law of diminishing marginal
utility.
Marginal utility of Y shows the additional utility received by 1 additional unit
of Y consumption.
second order is negative, therefor it represents law of diminishing marginal
utility.
MRS represent sacrifice of Y inoredr to get 1 extra unit of X
Here to get 1 extra X he is ready to forgone 1 Y.
Part b)
Budget constraint
10 = 0. 5X + Y
By lagrange function
Max U = X05y05 + 2(10 – – Y )
М
0.5X -
ОМaxU
0. 5X-0.5 y0.5 – 0. 51
Xe
= 0. 5X0.5 Y-0.5 – 1 = 0 – –(2
(1) -
ƏMaxU
dY
Ву еquation 1 and 2
* = 4
Y
0.5
X
1
Y = 0. 5X
By substituting into budget constraint
10 = 0. 5X + Y
10 = 0. 5X + Y0. 5X
10 = X
By plugging X into Y
Y = 0. 5X
Y = 0. 5 * 10
Y = 5
X* = 10, Y * 5
U =
100.550.5
U =
7. 0708
%D
U* 3D 7 аррrox.
Transcribed Image Text:Step 1 Given Utility function U=x0.5y0.5 Px=0.5 Ру-1 |=10 Step 2 U - X0.5ү0.5 dU MUX = dU MUY DY MUX MRS %3D MUY Part 1) Solving for the MRS U = X0.5 y0.5 - (1) -(2) MUx = dU = – - = 0. 5X-0.5 y 0,5 = 0 - MUy = = 0. 5X0.5 Y -0.5 = 0 – – %D dY Ву еquation 1 and 2 0.5X-05y0.5 0.5x05y-0.5 --0.: MRS = Y MRS = X Marginal utility of X shows the additional utility received by 1 additional unit of X consumption. second order is negative, therefor it represents law of diminishing marginal utility. Marginal utility of Y shows the additional utility received by 1 additional unit of Y consumption. second order is negative, therefor it represents law of diminishing marginal utility. MRS represent sacrifice of Y inoredr to get 1 extra unit of X Here to get 1 extra X he is ready to forgone 1 Y. Part b) Budget constraint 10 = 0. 5X + Y By lagrange function Max U = X05y05 + 2(10 – – Y ) М 0.5X - ОМaxU 0. 5X-0.5 y0.5 – 0. 51 Xe = 0. 5X0.5 Y-0.5 – 1 = 0 – –(2 (1) - ƏMaxU dY Ву еquation 1 and 2 * = 4 Y 0.5 X 1 Y = 0. 5X By substituting into budget constraint 10 = 0. 5X + Y 10 = 0. 5X + Y0. 5X 10 = X By plugging X into Y Y = 0. 5X Y = 0. 5 * 10 Y = 5 X* = 10, Y * 5 U = 100.550.5 U = 7. 0708 %D U* 3D 7 аррrox.
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