2. Consider the labor leisure decision with utility of In(c)+ aln(1). This utility function is characterized by an elasticity of substitution equal to one. a. What observation leads us to use this utility function? In answering this question, be sure to both list this observation and explain how it relates to the unit elasticity of substitution property. b. Explain why this utility function leads to the following claim: "To predict the effect of a change in the tax rate on work hours, one needs to know how the tax revenues are spent." In your explanation, you must demonstrate with the indifference curve/budget constraint diagram(s) two cases: one where the use of the tax revenues has no effect on the equilibrium work hours and another use of tax revenues where it does affect equilibrium work hours.

2. Consider the labor leisure decision with utility of In(c)+ aln(1). This utility function is characterized by an elasticity of substitution equal to one. a. What observation leads us to use this utility function? In answering this question, be sure to both list this observation and explain how it relates to the unit elasticity of substitution property. b. Explain why this utility function leads to the following claim: "To predict the effect of a change in the tax rate on work hours, one needs to know how the tax revenues are spent." In your explanation, you must demonstrate with the indifference curve/budget constraint diagram(s) two cases: one where the use of the tax revenues has no effect on the equilibrium work hours and another use of tax revenues where it does affect equilibrium work hours.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Consider the following utility function U (X,Y) = X÷Yi. What is the name for a utility function of this form? O Perfect substitutes O Fixed proportion O Cobb-Douglas O Negative exponential b. Fix a utility level U = 10. Fill in the blanks below. Instructions: Round your answers to 2 decimal places and enter your result for the MRS as a negative number. When X= 10, then Y= The corresponding marginal utility of X is , the marginal utility of Y is and the marginal rate of substitution for X with Y is
For a subsistence agricultural household, which of the following happen when the price of the staple they are producing increases? [SelectMultiple] Group of answer choices Due to profit effect, their utility as producers increases. The impact on overall welfare of the household is ambiguous since it depends on the relative forces of profit effect and price effect. Their is no effect since subsistence households never sell or buy their staple production. Due to price effect, their utility as consumers decreases.
Suppose we observe that an individual's demand for good 1 is: 1/(2p,+p2) (where I- income). From this we can conclude that: Goods 1 and 2 are perfect complements O The price of good 1 is higher than the price of good 2 Two answers are correct O Goods 1 and 2 are perfect substitutes Three answers are correct No answer is correct Goods 1 and 2 are normal goods O These goods may be perfect substitutes or perfect complements, it depends upon the utility function
The consumer's utility function for Consumption (C) and Leisure (L) is given as U(C,L) = √CLHis hourly wage is $10, non-labor income is $20; and he has a total of 16 hours to allocate between labor and leisureBased on this information, the consumer's total utility at the optimal level (or optimal C,L combination) is:a. 57.0 utilsb. 28.5 utilsc. 99.75 utilsd. 114.5 utilse. Cannot be determined with the information given I prefer typed answers.
Suppose you have the following indirect utility function: V(Pa, Py, I) = In PxPy What are marshallian demands for x and y? I (a) (9x9y) = (22) (b) (9,9y) = (In, In 2) (c) (9, 9y) = (exp(2p/py), exp(2ppy)) I (d) (9x, gy) = (2pr+py' px+2py) What is the expenditure function for the associated expenditure minimization problem? (a) E(pa, Py, U) = (P + Py) ln(U) (b) E(pa, Py, U) = √exp(U)Papy (c) E(pa, Py, U)= (p²+p²) In(U) (d) E(pa, Py, U) = exp(U)²papy What are the individual's Hicksian demands for goods x and y? (a) (h₂, hy) = ((BU)¹/², (PU) ¹/²) (b) (ha, hy) = (RU, DU) (c) (ha, hy) = ((2 exp(U))¹/², (exp(U))¹/²) -1/2 (d) (hx, hy) = ((P₂PzU)−¹/², (P₂PzU)-¹/2) Are x and y complements or substitutes?
Relate the concept of marginal rate of substitution back to the idea of willingness to pay and economic return. In particular... If my MRS2 for1|> ERS2 for 1| can I receive additional economic return by reallocating by budget away from one commodity and towards another? If so, how? Why? Please include a diagram in your answer.
Compare the two concepts: Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS) and the Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution (MRTS). 1. Clarify how to use the concepts in maximizing problems. Explain the similarities of the two concepts. 2. Use two illustrations- by explaining convex indifference curves and isoquants and a formal approach to clarify your explanations.
Principles of Economics 1 | S1 21/22 Time left 0:5) When the price of one good increases and the price of the other good and income are held constant, the budget line Select one: shifts parallel to the original budget line so that the new budget line is farther from the origin O b. shifts parallel to the original budget line so that the new budget line is closer to the origin rotates so that the intercept is farther from the origin on the axis representing the good that has experienced an increase in price O a. O c. O d. rotates so that the intercept is closer to the origin on the axis representing the good that has experienced an increase in price Next page
3. A canonical utility function. Consider the utility function u(c) 1-σ where c denotes consumption of some arbitrary good and ơ (Greek lowercase letter sigma") is known as the "curvature parameter" because its value governs how curved the utility function is. In the following, restrict your attention to the region c> (because "negative consumption" is an ill-defined concept). The parameter σ is treated as a constant. Plot the utility function for ơ-0. Does this utility function display diminishing marginal utility? Is marginal utility ever negative for this utility function? Plot the utility function for ơ marginal utility? Is marginal utility ever negative for this utility function? Consider instead the natural-log utility function u(c)=In(c). Does this utility function display diminishing marginal utility? Is marginal utility for this utility function? Determine the value of σ (if any value exists at all) that makes the general utility function presented above collapse to the…
2. Lola consumes good x and y, and her marginal rate of substitution is 3/2, regardless of how many units of x and y that she consumes. Assume Lola has an income of $200 and that P-$5. (a.) Find Lola's optimal consumption bundle when px = 6. (b.) Find Lola's demand for x as a function of p,, assuming the price can be any non- negative amount.
4.13 CES indirect utility and expenditure functions In this problem, we will use a more standard form of the CES utility function to derive indirect utility and expenditure functions. Suppose utility is given by U(x, y) = (x° +y®)'/8 [in this function the elasticity of substitution o = 1/(1 – 6)]. a. Show that the indirect utility function for the utility function just given is V = I(p, + p,)¬/", where r = 8/(ò – 1) = 1 – 0. b. Show that the function derived in part (a) is homogeneous of degree zero in prices and income. c. Show that this function is strictly increasing in income. d. Show that this function is strictly decreasing in any price. e. Show that the expenditure function for this case of CES utility is given by E = V(p', + p,)''". f. Show that the function derived in part (e) is homogeneous of degree one in the goods' prices. g. Show that this expenditure function is increasing in each of the prices. h. Show that the function is concave in each price.
Question 3 3.1 Slutsky's equation relates the Marshallian demand function to the Hicksian demand func- tion, and therefore provides a way in which to decompose the total effect of a price change on quantity demanded into the substitution and income effects. Provide an expression for the general Slutsky equation of a good (x;) with respect to changes in the price of x;, and clearly label the total effect, substitution effect and income effect. 3.2 Now consider the case of a consumer with Cobb-Douglas indirect utility function v(р, у) (1-a) and Hicksian demand function for good 1 * (p, u) P2 ( Pi = au Pi P2 Demonstrate that the Slutsky equation holds for the own-price effect for good r1-