Please answer Questions 2 & 3 1. Identify the reagent (and its concentration) that is used to confirm the presence of each of the following:a. Ni²+b. Fe³+c. Zn²+2. Confirmatory tests for the various ions are often colorful. Identify the confirmatory compound/ion and the color foreach of the following ions:IonFe³+Ni²+A1³+Zn²+Confirmatory Compound/Ion3. Identify the reagent that separatesa. Fe³+ from Zn²+. Explain the chemistry of the separation.b. Fe³+ from Ni²+. Explain the chemistry of the separation.c. Al³+ from Zn²+. Explain the chemistry of the separation.Color A. Separation ofNi²+ and Fe³+from Zn²+ and Al³+B. Test forIron(III) Ion17b13b1111fC. Test for Nickel IonE. Test for 17bZinc Ion13bD. Test for Aluminum Ion17bThe Next Step11fTo digest the precipitate: to make theprecipitate more compact11fThe Experimental Procedure is written for a single reference solution. If you are simul-taneously identifying cations in both a reference solution and a test solution, adjust theprocedure accordingly. If the test solution is a sample with an environmental origin,then gravity filter 10-15 mL before beginning the Experimental Procedure.Prepare the hot water bath for use in Parts A and D.1. Separate the hydroxide precipitates from the amphoteric hydroxides. To 2 mLof the reference solution (in a small test tube) add 10 drops of 6 M NaOH (Caution!)(see Dry Lab 4.A). Centrifuge and save the precipitate. Test for complete precipita-tion (see Dry Lab 4.B) by adding several drops of 6 M NaOH to the supernatant.Decant the supernatant into a small test tube and save for Part D.2. Dissolve the hydroxide precipitates. Dissolve the precipitate with a minimumnumber of drops of conc HNO3. (Caution: Be careful!) If necessary, heat thesolution in the hot water bath for several minutes.1. Separate Fe³+ from Ni²tions. To the solution from Part A.2, add -5 drops of 4 MNH₂Cl and then drops of conc NH, (Caution: Do not inhale-use a fume hood ifavailable) until the solution is basic to pH paper; add an additional 2 drops of concNH, to ensure the complexing of the Ni²+. Centrifuge, save the precipitate, andtransfer the supernatant to a small test tube for testing in Part C.2. Confirmatory test. Dissolve the precipitate with 6 M HCl and add -5 drops of0.1 M NH.SCNⓇ The blood-red solution due to the thiocyanatoiron (III) complexconfirms the presence of iron(III) ion in the test solution.1. Confirmatory test. To the supernatant solution from Part B.1, add -3 drops ofdimethylglyoxime solution. Appearance of a pink (brick-red) precipitate con-firms the presence of nickel ion in the test solution.1. Separate Al³+ from Zn²+. Acidify the supernatant from Part A.1 to pH paper withdrops of 6 M HNO3. Add drops of 6 M NH, until the solution is now basic to pHpaper, then add -5 more drops. Heat the solution in the hot water bath for severalminutes to digest the gelatinous precipitate. Centrifuge and decant thesupernatant into a small test tube and save for the Zn²+ analysis in Part E.2. Confirmatory test. Wash the precipitate (see Dry Lab 4.C) twice with ~1 mL of hot,deionized water and discard each washing. Centrifugation is necessary after eachwashing. Add drops of 6 M HNO3 until the precipitate just dissolves. Add -2 drops ofthe aluminon reagent, stir, and add drops of 6 M NH3 until the solution is again basicand a precipitate re-forms. Centrifuge the solution; if the Al(OH), precipitate is nowpink or red and the solution is colorless, then Al³+ is present in the sample.1. Confirmatory test. To the supernatant from Part D.1, add drops of 6 M HCl untilthe solution is acid to pH paper; then add -3 drops of 0.2 M K₁[Fe(CN)6] and stir.A very-light-green precipitate confirms the presence of Zn²+ in the sample. Theprecipitate is slow to form and difficult to see. Centrifugation may be necessary.Disposal: Dispose of all test solutions and precipitates in the Waste MetalSalts container.CLEANUP: Rinse each test tube twice with tap water. Discard each rinse in theWaste Metal Salts container. Thoroughly clean each test tube with soap and tap water;rinse twice with tap water and twice with deionized water.The qualitative analysis of inorganic cations and anions is a study in itself. If furtherinterest in the separation and identification of ions seems intriguing, research variousqualitative analysis schemes online. Complete textbooks are also written on the subject.

We have find out the confirmatory test for various ions and reagents for separations.

Answered: 2. Confirmatory tests for the various…

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...