2: What is maple syrup urine disease? which enzyme is defective in this disease?
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- In patient with Maple Syrup Urine Disease, what specific amino acids should be not used in order to ameliorate the existing diseases condition? Why have you selected these amino acids?2. The patient has signs of pellagra, symmetrical dermatitis on the rear surface of the hand, neck, face, stomatitis. The patient complains of nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, lack of appetite, headaches, dizziness, depression. a) what vitamin deficiencies cause these symptoms? b) what coenzyme synthesis is reduced in this situation?1) Is sputum normally considered a high-risk fluid for the transmission of bloodborne pathogens? Why or why not?
- 2. A 23-year-old Caucasian female presented to the emergency department (ER)with profuse watery diarrhea after consuming raw oysters in a restaurant. She described the diarrhea as 'rice water stool'. (a) Which type of specimen should be collected from this patient for diagnosis of disease? (b) Name the most probable bacteria that caused the diarrhea and give the name of the infection. (c) Suggest two treatments and two preventive measures for this infection. (d) Non-toxic strains of bacteria can acquire toxin genes from viral genome. Briefly describe the process during which the toxic genes from virus are incorporated into bacterial chromosome.5. How does Salmonella Typhimurium differ biochemically from S. Typhi? [ List at least 5 characteristics] [5]27. A 35-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of fatigue. Six months ago, she visited family in Brazil, where she was exposed to domestic and farm animals. Physical examination shows no abnormalities except for pallor. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin concentration of 7.2 g/dL and a hematocrit of 23%. Which of the following is the most likely causal organism? A) Enterobius vermicularis B) Necator americanus C) Schistosoma mansoni D) Taenia solium E) Trichuris trichiura
- 18. Clostridium botulinum produces a lethal neurotoxin that may cause infant botulism, a form of flaccid paralysis that may lead to death, which occurs from eating contaminated honey. a) Based on what we discussed in class, explain why and how Clostridium botulinum may be present in honey.explain 2 reasons for enteric coating of tabletsA 72 year old patient with a two week history of coughing was admitted to the hospital for community acquired pneumonia (CAP). The laboratory reports a G-, intracellular bacterium. Which of the following apply Production of cholesterol by the pathogen lacking a cell wall to mimic the human plasma membrane O Production of a gray pseudomembrane that may cause respiratory obstructions O An environmental pathogen associated with air conditioners and produces the Lcl adhesin A NF-OP of the upper respiratory tract that produces the pneumolysin exotoxin O Secretion of streptolysin O and S exotoxins by a pathogen associated with scarlet fever
- Describe maple syrup urine disease .2. A 43-year-old immigrant from Thailand reports to a clinic with his 9-year-old son, who has had bloody diarrhea with mucus, stomach pain, and a fever for the past 24 hours. He reports that his son was healthy when they arrived in the United States a week prior to the start of his symptoms. Round protozoan cysts are subsequently microscopically identified in the boy's stool, Complete the table: Diagnosis Causative Agent Other diseases caused by this organism Mode of transmission (how did the patient likely acquire this disease) Best course of treatment/preventionDescribe three unique qualities of Mycobacterium because of the presence of mycolic acid 1:a00g0g they cause