2-11 Slit width in an atomic beam apparatus.(a) The diffraction of plane waves of wavelength by a slit ofwidth d is characterized by an angular spread of the order of A/d. At adistance D beyond the slit, this makes the beam broader than d by adistance of the order of DA/d. If A and D are given, what conditionon d makes this spreading relatively unimportant?(b) In an atomic beam apparatus, potassium metal (atomicweight 39) is heated to its boiling point (T = 760°C - 1000 K) andstreams out of the oven aperture as individual atoms (at averageenergy = kT - 1/10eV, where k is Boltzmann's= 1.38 × 10-16 erg/degree Kelvin and T is in degrees Kelvin) in-to a vacuum chamber. The experimenter wishes to make the beamconstantnarrower and masks it down with a slit 0.1 mm wide. The detector islocated 50 cm downstream from the slit. By what percentage (approx-imately) is the beam made broader than the geometrical image of theslit as a result of diffraction?

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2-11 Slit widıh in an atomic beam apparatus. (a) The diffraction of plane waves of wavelength A by a slit of width d is characterized by an angular spread of the order of A/d. At a distance D beyond the slit, this makes the beam broader than d by a distance of the order of DA/d. If a and D are given, what condition on d makes this spreading relatively unimportant? (b) In an atomic beam apparatus, potassium metal (atomic weight 39) is heated to its boiling point (7 = 760°C streams out of the oven aperture as individual atoms (at average energy = kT = 1/10eV, where k is Boltzmann's = 1.38 x 10-16 erg/degree Kelvin and T is in degrees Kelvin) in- to a vacuum chamber. The experimenter wishes to make the beam narrower and masks it down with a slit 0.1 mm wide. The detector is 1000 K) and constant located 50 cm downstream from the slit. By what percentage (approx- imately) is the beam made broader than the geometrical image of the slit as a result of diffraction?

2-11 Slit widıh in an atomic beam apparatus. (a) The diffraction of plane waves of wavelength A by a slit of width d is characterized by an angular spread of the order of A/d. At a distance D beyond the slit, this makes the beam broader than d by a distance of the order of DA/d. If a and D are given, what condition on d makes this spreading relatively unimportant? (b) In an atomic beam apparatus, potassium metal (atomic weight 39) is heated to its boiling point (7 = 760°C streams out of the oven aperture as individual atoms (at average energy = kT = 1/10eV, where k is Boltzmann's = 1.38 x 10-16 erg/degree Kelvin and T is in degrees Kelvin) in- to a vacuum chamber. The experimenter wishes to make the beam narrower and masks it down with a slit 0.1 mm wide. The detector is 1000 K) and constant located 50 cm downstream from the slit. By what percentage (approx- imately) is the beam made broader than the geometrical image of the slit as a result of diffraction?

College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...

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Concept explainers

Diffraction of light

In physics, the term diffraction is defined as the bending of light around the corners of the obstacle. As a light ray passes by an aperture, it bends around the edges or through slits, it spreads out through a narrow opening. The diffracted light will produce fringes of bright and dark or colored bands which are labeled as a diffraction pattern.

Question

2-11 Slit width in an atomic beam apparatus.
(a) The diffraction of plane waves of wavelength by a slit of
width d is characterized by an angular spread of the order of A/d. At a
distance D beyond the slit, this makes the beam broader than d by a
distance of the order of DA/d. If A and D are given, what condition
on d makes this spreading relatively unimportant?
(b) In an atomic beam apparatus, potassium metal (atomic
weight 39) is heated to its boiling point (T = 760°C - 1000 K) and
streams out of the oven aperture as individual atoms (at average
energy = kT - 1/10eV, where k is Boltzmann's
= 1.38 × 10-16 erg/degree Kelvin and T is in degrees Kelvin) in-
to a vacuum chamber. The experimenter wishes to make the beam
constant
narrower and masks it down with a slit 0.1 mm wide. The detector is
located 50 cm downstream from the slit. By what percentage (approx-
imately) is the beam made broader than the geometrical image of the
slit as a result of diffraction?

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