18. The velocity v of blood that flows in a blood vessel with radius R and length l at a distancer from the central axis is v(r) 4n (R - p2) 4nl where P is the pressure difference between the ends of the vessel and n is the viscosity of the blood (see Example 2.7.7). Find the average velocity (with respect to r) over the interval 0

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### Calculus and Physics Applications

**Problem 17: Temperature Modeling**

In a certain city, the temperature (in °F) *t* hours after 9 AM is modeled by the function:

\[ T(t) = 50 + 14 \sin \frac{\pi t}{12} \]

**Objective:** Find the average temperature during the period from 9 AM to 9 PM.

---

**Problem 18: Blood Flow Velocity**

The velocity \( v \) of blood that flows in a blood vessel with radius \( R \) and length \( l \) at a distance \( r \) from the central axis is given by the equation:

\[ v(r) = \frac{P}{4\eta l} (R^2 - r^2) \]

where:
- \( P \) is the pressure difference between the ends of the vessel.
- \( \eta \) is the viscosity of the blood.

**Objective:** Find the average velocity (with respect to \( r \)) over the interval \( 0 \leq r \leq R \) and compare the average velocity with the maximum velocity.

---

**Problem 19: Linear Density of a Rod**

The linear density in a rod 8 meters long is:

\[ \frac{12}{\sqrt{x}} + 1 \, \text{kg/m} \]

where \( x \) is measured in meters from one end of the rod.

**Objective:** Find the average density of the rod.

---

**Problem 20: Free Fall Displacement**

If a freely falling body starts from rest, then its displacement is given by:

\[ s = \frac{1}{2} gt^2 \]

**Objective:** Examine the velocity after a time \( T \) being \( v_T \), and show that computing the average of the velocities with respect to \( t \) results in \( v_{\text{ave}} = \frac{1}{2} v_T \).
Transcribed Image Text:### Calculus and Physics Applications **Problem 17: Temperature Modeling** In a certain city, the temperature (in °F) *t* hours after 9 AM is modeled by the function: \[ T(t) = 50 + 14 \sin \frac{\pi t}{12} \] **Objective:** Find the average temperature during the period from 9 AM to 9 PM. --- **Problem 18: Blood Flow Velocity** The velocity \( v \) of blood that flows in a blood vessel with radius \( R \) and length \( l \) at a distance \( r \) from the central axis is given by the equation: \[ v(r) = \frac{P}{4\eta l} (R^2 - r^2) \] where: - \( P \) is the pressure difference between the ends of the vessel. - \( \eta \) is the viscosity of the blood. **Objective:** Find the average velocity (with respect to \( r \)) over the interval \( 0 \leq r \leq R \) and compare the average velocity with the maximum velocity. --- **Problem 19: Linear Density of a Rod** The linear density in a rod 8 meters long is: \[ \frac{12}{\sqrt{x}} + 1 \, \text{kg/m} \] where \( x \) is measured in meters from one end of the rod. **Objective:** Find the average density of the rod. --- **Problem 20: Free Fall Displacement** If a freely falling body starts from rest, then its displacement is given by: \[ s = \frac{1}{2} gt^2 \] **Objective:** Examine the velocity after a time \( T \) being \( v_T \), and show that computing the average of the velocities with respect to \( t \) results in \( v_{\text{ave}} = \frac{1}{2} v_T \).
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