18. -5

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
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ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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**Determine which sets in Exercises 15–20 are bases for \( \mathbb{R}^2 \) or \( \mathbb{R}^3 \). Justify each answer.**

In this task, you will analyze the sets provided in Exercises 15 through 20 to ascertain whether they can be considered bases for the vector spaces \( \mathbb{R}^2 \) or \( \mathbb{R}^3 \). Carefully evaluate each set and provide justification for your conclusions. 

A base for a vector space must satisfy two criteria:
1. The set must be linearly independent.
2. The set must span the vector space.

For \( \mathbb{R}^2 \), you should have 2 vectors that meet these criteria.
For \( \mathbb{R}^3 \), you should have 3 vectors that fulfill these conditions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Determine which sets in Exercises 15–20 are bases for \( \mathbb{R}^2 \) or \( \mathbb{R}^3 \). Justify each answer.** In this task, you will analyze the sets provided in Exercises 15 through 20 to ascertain whether they can be considered bases for the vector spaces \( \mathbb{R}^2 \) or \( \mathbb{R}^3 \). Carefully evaluate each set and provide justification for your conclusions. A base for a vector space must satisfy two criteria: 1. The set must be linearly independent. 2. The set must span the vector space. For \( \mathbb{R}^2 \), you should have 2 vectors that meet these criteria. For \( \mathbb{R}^3 \), you should have 3 vectors that fulfill these conditions.
### Problem 18

Consider the following vectors given below:

\[
\begin{pmatrix}
1 \\
1 \\
-2 \\
\end{pmatrix}, \quad
\begin{pmatrix}
-5 \\
-1 \\
2 \\
\end{pmatrix}, \quad
\begin{pmatrix}
7 \\
0 \\
-5 \\
\end{pmatrix}
\]

These are three discrete 3-dimensional vectors. Let's examine each vector in detail:

1. The first vector \( \mathbf{v}_1 \) is
\[ 
\begin{pmatrix}
1 \\
1 \\
-2 \\
\end{pmatrix} 
\]

2. The second vector \( \mathbf{v}_2 \) is 
\[ 
\begin{pmatrix}
-5 \\
-1 \\
2 \\
\end{pmatrix} 
\]

3. The third vector \( \mathbf{v}_3 \) is 
\[ 
\begin{pmatrix}
7 \\
0 \\
-5 \\
\end{pmatrix} 
\]

These vectors can be represented in a Cartesian coordinate system or used in operations involving vector arithmetic, spanning vector spaces, or in analyzing vector fields.
Transcribed Image Text:### Problem 18 Consider the following vectors given below: \[ \begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ 1 \\ -2 \\ \end{pmatrix}, \quad \begin{pmatrix} -5 \\ -1 \\ 2 \\ \end{pmatrix}, \quad \begin{pmatrix} 7 \\ 0 \\ -5 \\ \end{pmatrix} \] These are three discrete 3-dimensional vectors. Let's examine each vector in detail: 1. The first vector \( \mathbf{v}_1 \) is \[ \begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ 1 \\ -2 \\ \end{pmatrix} \] 2. The second vector \( \mathbf{v}_2 \) is \[ \begin{pmatrix} -5 \\ -1 \\ 2 \\ \end{pmatrix} \] 3. The third vector \( \mathbf{v}_3 \) is \[ \begin{pmatrix} 7 \\ 0 \\ -5 \\ \end{pmatrix} \] These vectors can be represented in a Cartesian coordinate system or used in operations involving vector arithmetic, spanning vector spaces, or in analyzing vector fields.
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