14: Which one of the following decreases as the number of bonds between two carbon atoms increases? A) number of electrons between the carbon atoms. B) bond length. C) bond polarity. D) none of these.
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
As per student's request I am answering only fourteenth questions
Carbon is an element of group fourteen. It has a total of 6 electrons. Its electronic configuration is
C= 1s22s22p2
Means it has four valence electrons. It is not possible for carbon to loose 4 or gain electron to complete it's octet so it complete it's octet by sharing of electrons.
It can make four bonds. It also shows property of catenation which means that it can make bond with more carbons atoms to form chains. The property of catenation is shown due to its small size.
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