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13. What is the economic argument that
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- Ilia is driving home from work. She needs to buy gas and notices an Exxon-Mobil station on one side of the street and a Shell station on the other side of the street. Although run by different companies, the two stations sell gasoline at the same price. a. The most likely reason that the price is the same is that _gas stations always make a profit, so they can charge any price they want. _drivers need gas and are willing to pay whatever price a gas station charges. _government regulation requires both gas stations to charge the same price. _consumers view gasoline from different gas stations as perfect substitutes. b. If one station increases its price, _it will be fined by the government. _it will sell more gasoline. _it will make a higher profit. _it will lose customers to the cheaper station across the street.Please see the images of the article below and help answer questions. 1. Evaluate this statement: "Whereas a competitive firm must sell at the market price, a monopoly owns its market, so it can set its own prices. Since it has no competition, it produces at the quantity and price combination that maximizes its profits." Must a perfectly competitive firm sell at a market-clearing price? Alternatively, is the market-clearing price the profit-maximizing price that a competitive firm chooses to set? Can a monopolist set any (price, quantity) combination? 2. Evaluate this statement: "Monopolies drive progress because the promise of years or even decades of monopoly profits provides a powerful incentive to innovate. Then monopolies can keep innovating because profits enable them to make the long-term plans and finance the ambitious research projects that firms locked in competition can't dream of." Cite a counter-example to this claim in which deregulation of a monopolist led to lower…Define economic efficiency in terms of production costs and product prices. Okay by are purely competitive industries economically and efficient and monopoly industries are not efficient?
- 2. "The competition commission investigated the high data prices in South Africa in 2017. The report, which was presented two years later, found that the data services market is "highly concentrated" with a duopoly of the leading cell phone operators - MTN and Vodacom".Based on the paragraph given above, which of the statements is CORRECT?A. Highly concentrated market benefits consumers as they have many, many choices available to them.B. Highly concentrated market restricts consumer welfareC. Highly concentrated market is an excellent reason for government to reduce regulationD. Highly concentrated market increases consumer welfareSolve this pleaseSolve this question with steps please. The subject is principal of microeconomics
- 3. When is it optimal for a monopolist to produce the same output as in a perfectly competitive market?Profit is the incentive that drives our market economy. Firms make production, pricing, andhiring decisions based on their quest for profit. But what happens when a firm discoversthat it can make dramatically higher profits by stopping production altogether? In December2000, due to wild swings in the market for electricity, Kaiser Aluminium faced just such adecision.Kaiser Aluminium had contracted with Bonneville power for all of its electricity needs andfound itself in the unique position of being an electricity consumer and, potentially, anelectricity reseller. By December 2000, Kaiser faced a difficult decision of continuing itscurrent aluminium production and profit levels, or closing the plant to dramatically increaseits profit by simply reselling its electricity.When making production decisions, firms must consider both their costs and revenues. Oneimportant concern for many firms is utility costs. In 1996, Kaiser Aluminium Corporation inSpokane, Washington, entered into a…While firms in perfect competition maximize profit by producing at a quantity where the marginal cost of producing another unit of a good is equal the the marginal revenue from producing another unit, monopoly firms will maximize profit by producing at a quantity where marginal cost of producing another unit is equal to the marginal revenue (the same as perfect competition) the marginal profit the average total cost O the price of the good 10:04 P Bi 63°F Cloudy 5/20/202 e here to search O
- 4:40 PV E Yo LTE ll 87%I The ethanol bubble_Gro... O More Aplia Econ Blog News for Econ Students MONDAY, NOOVEMBER 05, 2007 The Ethanol Bubble? by William Chiu The New York Times reports that in less than one year, ethanol prices have plummeted over 30%. As a result, there is even talk of a government bailout for ethanol producers in case the price of ethanol falls too low! So, why did price spikes in last year's ethanol market give way to falling prices this year? To understand the price fluctuations, we need to know how the short-run behavior of firms in competitive industries (such as ethanol) differs from their long-run behavior. In the textbook model of perfectly competitive industries, an increase in demand causes the equilibrium price of ethanol to increase in the short run-from P1 to P2 in the diagram below. In the short run, higher ethanol prices lead profits for ethanol producers. higher PRICE OF ETHANOL PRICE OF ETHANOL MC ATC PROFIT 02 42 MARKET QUANTITY OF ETHANOL FIRM…What were the real reasons that coca was taken out of Coca Cola? Do these reasons mean that cocaine was not or is not harmful?4. Suppose a manufacturer and its retailer face the problem of double marginalization described in my notes, Section 11.1. If the manufacturer sets the wholesale price equal to its marginal cost c and in addition, requires the retailer to pay a fraction a (between 0 and 1) of its profit. Write down the retailer's profit maximization problem. Will this practice solve the double marginalization problem? (That is, will this 4.a practice maximize their joint profit?) 4.k Suppose the retailer is required to pay a fraction of a of its sales (i.e., total revenue). Write down the retailer's profit maximization problem. Will this practice solve the double marginalization problem?
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