128. These footings are used to support two or more column loads where single- column footings would run into each other a. Isolated Footing c. Combined Footing d. Pile Caps b. Strap Footing a. Which of the following is not true for the proper design of footings requires that: The load capacity of the soils is not exceeded c. Adequate safety against sliding and/or overturning is maintained. b. Excessive settlement, d. None of the above differential settlement, or rotations are avoided 130. What is the recommended concrete cover for the footing? a. 75 mm c. 40 mm b. 50 mm d. 20 mm 131. What type of footings is to be used when the columns are so close together that single column footings would run to each other? a. Two footings c. Pile caps b. Combined footings d. Isolated footings 129.

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Introduction to Engineering Design

Students are often confused with engineering and design. The term engineering design has two words with different meanings, engineering, and design. The term engineering implies applications of laws and principles of science to design and analyze physical structures and components. In civil engineering, students apply the concept of physics and chemistry to design and build structures and buildings. In engineering disciplines, the term design means determining the dimensions, loads, and associated influences on the component due to the applied loads such as stresses and deformations. The estimation of such parameters is crucial to make the component or structure foolproof.