12.83 Consider the phase diagram shown for substance X. (a) What phase(s) is (are) present at point A? E? F? H? B? C? (b) Which point corresponds to the critical point? Which point cor- responds to the triple point? (c) What curve corresponds to conditions at which the solid and gas are in equilibrium? (d) Describe what happens when you start at point A and increase the temperature at constant pressure. (e) Describe what happens when you start at point H and decrease the pressure at constant temperature. (f) Is liquid X more or less dense than solid X? D B. •C Temperature -> Pressure LL
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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12.83 Consider the phase diagram shown for substance X.
(d) Describe what happens when you start at point A and increase
(c) What curve corresponds to conditions at which the solid and
(b) Which point corresponds to the critical point? Which point cor-
(a) What phase(s) is (are) present at point A? E? F? H? B? C?
responds to the triple point?
(c) What curve corresponds to conditions at which the solid ..
gas are in equilibrium?
the temperature at constant pressure.
(e) Describe what happens when you start at point H and decrease
the pressure at constant temperature.
(f) Is liquid X more or less dense than solid X?
B.
•C
Temperature
-►
12 84 S
nimi-
Pressure
LL](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F6f0b8e62-a3b1-4e6f-b51d-a095e4061c25%2F429680a4-07a4-495d-8eac-d5f3db7c6935%2F7iphq8e_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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