12.157 Desert countries like Saudi Arabia have built reverse osmosis plants to produce freshwater from seawater. Assume that seawa- ter has the composition 0.470 M NaCl and 0.068 M MgCl, and that both compounds are completely dissociated. (a) What is the osmotic pressure of seawater at 25 C7 (b) If the reverse osmosis equipment can exert a maximum pres- sure of 100.0 atm at 25.0 C, what is the maximum volume of freshwater that can be obtained from 1.00 L of seawater?

12.157 Desert countries like Saudi Arabia have built reverse osmosis plants to produce freshwater from seawater. Assume that seawa- ter has the composition 0.470 M NaCl and 0.068 M MgCl, and that both compounds are completely dissociated. (a) What is the osmotic pressure of seawater at 25 C7 (b) If the reverse osmosis equipment can exert a maximum pres- sure of 100.0 atm at 25.0 C, what is the maximum volume of freshwater that can be obtained from 1.00 L of seawater?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Concept explainers

Solutions

Solutions can be considered as homogeneous mixtures which contain two or more than two chemical substances. The chemical substance which is the greater part is defined as solvent. And the chemical substance that is dissolved in a solvent is referred to as solute. Solution chemistry plays an important role in chemistry since it supports many commercial applications of solutions.

Question

12.157

o is disSsOciatedr
12.156 A 1.24 M solution of KI has a density of 1.15 g/cm.
(a) What is the molality of the solution?
(b) What is the freezing point of the solution, assuming complete
dissociation of KI?
12.161
() The actual freezing point of the solution is -4.46 °C. What
percent of the KI is dissociated?
12.157 Desert countries like Saudi Arabia have built reverse osmosis
plants to produce freshwater from seawater. Assume that seawa-
ter has the composition 0.470M NaCl and 0.068 M MgCl, and
that both compounds areſcompletely dissociated.
(a) What is the osmotic pressure of seawater at 25 C?
(b) If the reverse osmosis equipment can exert a maximum pres-
sure of 100.0 atm at 25.0 "C, what is the maximum volume of
freshwater that can be obtained from 1.00 L of seawater?
12.162
12.158 A solution prepared by dissolving 100.0 g of a mixture of sugar
(C,H,,O,,) and table salt (NaCl) in 500.0 g of water has a Ireez-
ing point of - 2.25 C. What is the mass of cach indrvidual solute?
Assume that NaCl is completely dissociated.
12.159 A solutuon of 0.250 g ol naphthalene (mothballs) in 5.00 g of
camphor lowers the freezing point by 2 10 GWhat is the molar
12.163

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