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12. RNase A is a ribonuclease enzyme that degrades single stranded RNA. There are three key amino acid residues in RNase A's active site: histidine 12, histidine 119, and lysine 41. The arrow pushing mechanism for the first step in the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is shown below. Lys 41 Base His 12 Lys 41 His 12 4. Base O;H :N. NH HN. NH N-H. N- H Base но Base His 119 OH His 119 OH Substrate a. How does the interaction between the alcohol group on the substrate and histidine 12 accelerate the reaction? Briefly explain your answer. b. How would the rate of the reaction be affected if histidine 119 were deprotonated? Briefly explain your answer in terms of leaving group stability. c. Lysine 41 does not directly participate in the reaction, but it improves reaction speed. Briefly explain how lysine 41 affects phosphorus and the reaction as a whole.

12. RNase A is a ribonuclease enzyme that degrades single stranded RNA. There are three key amino acid residues in RNase A's active site: histidine 12, histidine 119, and lysine 41. The arrow pushing mechanism for the first step in the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is shown below. Lys 41 Base His 12 Lys 41 His 12 4. Base O;H :N. NH HN. NH N-H. N- H Base но Base His 119 OH His 119 OH Substrate a. How does the interaction between the alcohol group on the substrate and histidine 12 accelerate the reaction? Briefly explain your answer. b. How would the rate of the reaction be affected if histidine 119 were deprotonated? Briefly explain your answer in terms of leaving group stability. c. Lysine 41 does not directly participate in the reaction, but it improves reaction speed. Briefly explain how lysine 41 affects phosphorus and the reaction as a whole.

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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12. RNase A is a ribonuclease enzyme that degrades single stranded RNA. There are three key amino acid residues in RNase A's active site: histidine 12, histidine 119, and lysine 41. The arrow pushing mechanism for the first step in the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is shown below. Lys 41 Base His 12 Lys 41 His 12 Base O H N-H.. O,H :N. NH HN NH N-H. H. Base но Base His 119 OH His 119 OH Substrate a. How does the interaction between the alcohol group on the substrate and histidine 12 accelerate the reaction? Briefly explain your answer. b. How would the rate of the reaction be affected if histidine 119 were deprotonated? Briefly explain your answer in terms of leaving group stability. c. Lysine 41 does not directly participate in the reaction, but it improves reaction speed. Briefly explain how lysine 41 affects phosphorus and the reaction as a whole.
Transcribed Image Text:12. RNase A is a ribonuclease enzyme that degrades single stranded RNA. There are three key amino acid residues in RNase A's active site: histidine 12, histidine 119, and lysine 41. The arrow pushing mechanism for the first step in the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is shown below. Lys 41 Base His 12 Lys 41 His 12 Base O H N-H.. O,H :N. NH HN NH N-H. H. Base но Base His 119 OH His 119 OH Substrate a. How does the interaction between the alcohol group on the substrate and histidine 12 accelerate the reaction? Briefly explain your answer. b. How would the rate of the reaction be affected if histidine 119 were deprotonated? Briefly explain your answer in terms of leaving group stability. c. Lysine 41 does not directly participate in the reaction, but it improves reaction speed. Briefly explain how lysine 41 affects phosphorus and the reaction as a whole.
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