12 What is regenerated in the citric acid cycle? 13 During acetyl-CoA formation and the citric acid cycle, all of the carbons from glucose are released as 14 Where does the electron transport chain occur in a cell? 15 What "waste" product of photosynthesis is used in electron transport chain? After the product, indicate what its role is in aerobic respiration. 16 What is the role of the coenzymes (NADH & FADH,) in aerobic respiration?

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12 What is regenerated in the citric acid cycle?
13 During acetyl-CoA formation and the citric acid cycle, all of the carbons from glucose are released
as
14 Where does the electron transport chain occur in a cell?
15 What "waste" product of photosynthesis is used in electron transport chain? After the product, indicate
what its role is in aerobic respiration.
16 What is the role of the coenzymes (NADH & FADH;) in aerobic respiration?
17 Describe how ATP is formed (include the terms: electron transport chain, chemiosmosis, and ATP
synthase)?
18 How many ATPS are formed in electron transport chain and chemiosmosis?
a Theoretically, one NADH is used to produce
molecules of ATP.
b Theoretically, one FADH, is used to produce
molecules of ATP.
19 Consider fermentation.
a How many ATPS are formed?
By what process?
b What is the purpose of changing pyruvate into lactate or alcohol?
c When do our muscles produce lactate?
d Alcohol has one less carbon than pyruvate. What happens to the other carbon?
e How have we (humans) made use of alcohol fermentation?
20 Draw a diagram illustrating how different food sources can be used for energy (carbohydrates, proteins,
fats, etc.). Use this entire page. Include all of the following terms: acetyl CoA, amino acids, ATP, beta
oxidation, carbohydrates, citric acid cycle, citrate, CO,, deamination, electron transport chain, fats,
fatty acids, glucose, glycerol, H,0, NADH, NH,,O, oxaloacetate, proteins, pyruvate, urea. Note that
some of these terms are not in your textbook, but will be presented in lecture. For assistance, see:
http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/640reviewmetab.html
Transcribed Image Text:12 What is regenerated in the citric acid cycle? 13 During acetyl-CoA formation and the citric acid cycle, all of the carbons from glucose are released as 14 Where does the electron transport chain occur in a cell? 15 What "waste" product of photosynthesis is used in electron transport chain? After the product, indicate what its role is in aerobic respiration. 16 What is the role of the coenzymes (NADH & FADH;) in aerobic respiration? 17 Describe how ATP is formed (include the terms: electron transport chain, chemiosmosis, and ATP synthase)? 18 How many ATPS are formed in electron transport chain and chemiosmosis? a Theoretically, one NADH is used to produce molecules of ATP. b Theoretically, one FADH, is used to produce molecules of ATP. 19 Consider fermentation. a How many ATPS are formed? By what process? b What is the purpose of changing pyruvate into lactate or alcohol? c When do our muscles produce lactate? d Alcohol has one less carbon than pyruvate. What happens to the other carbon? e How have we (humans) made use of alcohol fermentation? 20 Draw a diagram illustrating how different food sources can be used for energy (carbohydrates, proteins, fats, etc.). Use this entire page. Include all of the following terms: acetyl CoA, amino acids, ATP, beta oxidation, carbohydrates, citric acid cycle, citrate, CO,, deamination, electron transport chain, fats, fatty acids, glucose, glycerol, H,0, NADH, NH,,O, oxaloacetate, proteins, pyruvate, urea. Note that some of these terms are not in your textbook, but will be presented in lecture. For assistance, see: http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/640reviewmetab.html
21 In cellular respiration, the oxidation of one molecule of glucose produces
ATP.
22 The oxidation of one 20 carbon fatty acid produces
ATP.
23 Label the following diagram. Include the following terms: ADP, ATP, ATP synthase, e (electrons),
FAD, FADH2, H*, H2O, NAD*, NADH, O2. Some terms may be used more than once.
Intermembrane
Cyt c4
space
femention
DIO a
Transcribed Image Text:21 In cellular respiration, the oxidation of one molecule of glucose produces ATP. 22 The oxidation of one 20 carbon fatty acid produces ATP. 23 Label the following diagram. Include the following terms: ADP, ATP, ATP synthase, e (electrons), FAD, FADH2, H*, H2O, NAD*, NADH, O2. Some terms may be used more than once. Intermembrane Cyt c4 space femention DIO a
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Per molecule of pyruvate, how many molecules of CO2 are produced during acetyl-CoA formation and the citric acid cycle (Stages 2 and 3)?

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