11.19 A long rod, with a diameter of 3 mm, is placed in a vacuum parallel to a large and flat heated surface. The other side of the rod is exposed to vacuum chamber walls at 300 K. Assume that the heated surface and the surface of the rod are both gray with equal emissivities of 0.7. The rod has a volumetric heat capacity of pc, = 6.7 × 106J m³ K¨¹. Calculate the heating rate of the rod at 335 K, 500 K, 700 K, and 800 K. Rod Heated surface at 830 K
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- 11.31 A large slab of steel 0.1 m thick contains a 0.1 -m-di- ameter circular hole whose axis is normal to the surface. Considering the sides of the hole to be black, specify the rate of radiative heat loss from the hole. The plate is at 811 K, and the surroundings are at 300 K.1.28 The sun has a radius of and approximates a blackbody with a surface temperature of about 5800 K. Calculate the total rate of radiation from the sun and the emitted radiation flux per square meter of surface area.11.68 Two infinitely large, black, plane surfaces are 0.3 m apart, and the space between them is filled by an isothermal gas mixture at 811 K and atmospheric pressure. The gas mixture consists of by volume. If one of the surfaces is maintained at 278 K and the other at 1390 K, calculate (a) the effective emissivity of the gas at its temperature, (b) the effective absorptivity of the gas to radiation from the 1390 K surface, (c) the effective absorptivity of the gas to radiation from the 278 K surface, and (d) the net rate of heat transfer to the gas per square meter of surface area.
- Determine the total average hemispherical emissivity and the emissive power of a surface that has a spectral hemispherical emissivity of 0.8 at wavelengths less than 1.5m, 0.6 at wavelengths from 1.5to2.5m, and 0.4 at wavelengths longer than 2.5m. The surface temperature is 1111 K.Determine the rate of radiant heat emission in watts per square meter from a blackbody at (a) 15C, (b) 600C, and (c) 5700C.Fast Please..
- Question #9 A circular ceramic plate that can be modelled as a blackbody is being heated by an electrical heater. The plate is 30cm in diameter and is situated in a surrounding ambient temperature of 15°C where the natural convection heat transfer coefficient is 12W/m² K. The efficiency of the electrical heater to transfer heat to the plate is 80%, the electric power is required such that the heater needs to keep the surface temperature of the plate at 200°C. Ambient 15°C Tsurr = 15°C h = 12 W/m².K Ceramic plate -T₂ = 200°C Welec (A) Determine the heat emitted from the plate, as a blackbody. (B) Determine the radiation incident on the plate from the surroundings. (C) Determine the heat transfer from the plate to the surroundings. (D) Determine the required electric power.QUESTION 8 A long, semi-circular cross-section oven of diamter 30 cm has the curved, upper surface kept at 260 C with the lower, flat surface at 50 C. If the emissivities of both surfaces is 0.75, what is the net rate of heat transfer per unit length perpendicular to the cross-section between these surfaces04. Consider a long duct constructed with diffuse, gray walls 1 m wide as shown in the figure. Determine: (a) The net radiation transfer from surface Ai per unit length of the duct and (b) the temperature of the insulated surface A3. (c) What effect would changing the value of ɛ3 have on your results? After considering your assumptions, comment on whether you expect your results to be exact. -Ą‚T;=1000K,&=0.33 A2 T-700K, E#05 -As,Ts,ɛg=0.8 Width, all sides,w-Im Insulated surface-
- Two concentric spheres of diameter D1 of T1 = 390 Kand T, = 300 K. = 0.7 m and D2 = 1.2 mare separated by an air space and have surface temperatures (a) If the surfaces are black, what is the net rate of radiation exchange between the spheres, in W? 912 w (b) What is the net rate of radiation exchange between the surfaces if they are diffuse and gray with & = 0.5 and &2 = 0.05, in W? 912 (c) What is the net rate of radiation exchange if D2 is increased to 20 m, with ez = 0.05, e1 = 0.5, and Di = 0.7 m, in w? 412 = (d) What is the net rate of radiation exchange if the larger sphere behaves as a black body (82 = 1.0) and with ej = 0.5, D2 = 20 m, and Di = 0.7 m, in W? i w 912 = Physical Properties Mathematical FunctionsLiquid oxygen is stored in a thin-walled, spherical container 0.8 m in diameter, which is enclosed within a second thin-walled, spherical container 1.2 m in diameter. The opaque, diffuse, gray container surfaces have an emissivity of 0.05 and are separated by an evacuated space. If the outer surface is at 270 Kand the inner surface is at 95 K, what is the mass rate of oxygen lost due to evaporation, in kg/s? (The latent heat of vaporization of oxygen is 2.13 × 105 J/kg.) m = i kg/sTwo concentric spheres of diameter Di = 0.7 mand D2 = 1.2 mare separated by an air space and have surface temperatures of T = 400 K and T, = 300 K. (a) If the surfaces are black, what is the net rate of radiation exchange between the spheres, in W? ৭12 = w (b) What is the net rate of radiation exchange between the surfaces if they are diffuse and gray with ɛi = 0.5 and e2 = 0.05, in W? 12 (c) What is the net rate of radiation exchange if D2 is increased to 20 m, with e2 = 0.05, e1 = 0.5, and Di = 0.7 m, in W? 912 = i (d) What is the net rate of radiation exchange if the larger sphere behaves as a black body (e2 = 1.0) and with e = 0.5, D2 = 20 m, and D1 = 0.7 m, in W? w 912 = Physical Properties Mathematical Functions