Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
Related questions
Question
Question
![**Titration of Hydrochloric Acid with Sodium Hydroxide**
In this example, 100 mL of 0.10 M HCl is titrated with a solution of 0.10 M NaOH. After the addition of 20 mL of the NaOH solution, the pH is determined.
**Explanation:**
1. **Titration Process**: This is a neutralization reaction where the acid (HCl) reacts with the base (NaOH) to form water and salt (NaCl).
2. **Initial Conditions**: The initial concentration of HCl is 0.10 M in 100 mL.
3. **Addition of NaOH**: 20 mL of 0.10 M NaOH is added to the solution.
To find the pH:
- Calculate the moles of HCl initially present:
\[
\text{Moles of HCl} = \text{Volume} \times \text{Concentration} = 0.1 \, \text{L} \times 0.10 \, \text{mol/L} = 0.01 \, \text{mol}
\]
- Calculate the moles of NaOH added:
\[
\text{Moles of NaOH} = 0.02 \, \text{L} \times 0.10 \, \text{mol/L} = 0.002 \, \text{mol}
\]
- Determine the amount of HCl remaining after the reaction:
\[
\text{Remaining HCl} = 0.01 \, \text{mol} - 0.002 \, \text{mol} = 0.008 \, \text{mol}
\]
- Calculate the new concentration of HCl in the total volume (120 mL = 0.12 L):
\[
\text{Concentration of HCl} = \frac{0.008 \, \text{mol}}{0.12 \, \text{L}} = 0.067 \, \text{mol/L}
\]
- Calculate the pH:
\[
\text{pH} = -\log[0.067] \approx 1.17
\]
This neutralization reduces the initial acidity, raising the pH as](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F611625c6-9dd6-4a84-b59d-ca7aa1a3b1b7%2Ff7e77340-4465-42a8-974f-f75547e97178%2Fkldh5id_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Titration of Hydrochloric Acid with Sodium Hydroxide**
In this example, 100 mL of 0.10 M HCl is titrated with a solution of 0.10 M NaOH. After the addition of 20 mL of the NaOH solution, the pH is determined.
**Explanation:**
1. **Titration Process**: This is a neutralization reaction where the acid (HCl) reacts with the base (NaOH) to form water and salt (NaCl).
2. **Initial Conditions**: The initial concentration of HCl is 0.10 M in 100 mL.
3. **Addition of NaOH**: 20 mL of 0.10 M NaOH is added to the solution.
To find the pH:
- Calculate the moles of HCl initially present:
\[
\text{Moles of HCl} = \text{Volume} \times \text{Concentration} = 0.1 \, \text{L} \times 0.10 \, \text{mol/L} = 0.01 \, \text{mol}
\]
- Calculate the moles of NaOH added:
\[
\text{Moles of NaOH} = 0.02 \, \text{L} \times 0.10 \, \text{mol/L} = 0.002 \, \text{mol}
\]
- Determine the amount of HCl remaining after the reaction:
\[
\text{Remaining HCl} = 0.01 \, \text{mol} - 0.002 \, \text{mol} = 0.008 \, \text{mol}
\]
- Calculate the new concentration of HCl in the total volume (120 mL = 0.12 L):
\[
\text{Concentration of HCl} = \frac{0.008 \, \text{mol}}{0.12 \, \text{L}} = 0.067 \, \text{mol/L}
\]
- Calculate the pH:
\[
\text{pH} = -\log[0.067] \approx 1.17
\]
This neutralization reduces the initial acidity, raising the pH as
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY