**Problem 10: Reaction of Sodium Metal with Water**A piece of sodium metal reacts completely with water according to the following chemical equation:\[ 2 \text{Na}_{(s)} + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O}_{(l)} \rightarrow 2 \text{NaOH}_{(aq)} + \text{H}_2_{(g)} \]During this reaction, hydrogen gas is generated and collected over water at a temperature of 25.0°C. The volume of the hydrogen gas collected is 246 mL, measured at a pressure of 1.00 atm. **Task:**Calculate the number of grams of sodium used in the reaction.**Additional Information:**- The vapor pressure of water at 25.0°C is 0.0313 atm.

Ideal gas equation is given by, PV =nRT where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant and T is the temperature. Write the ideal gas equation. PV =nRT Solve for n. n=PVRT Substitute 1 atom for P, 0.246 L for V, 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K for R and 298 K for T, to calculate the number of moles of H2 produced. n=(1 atm)(0.246 L)(0.0821 L. atm/mol.K)(298 K) =0.01 moles Therefore, number of moles of H2 produced is 0.01 moles. Write the reaction. 2 Na (s) + 2 H2O →2 NaOH (aq) +H2(g) According to the reaction, 1 mole of H2 is produced by 2 moles of Na. Calculate the moles of Na required to produce 0.01 moles of H2. moles of Na required= 2 mol of Na1 mol of H2(0.01 mol of H2) =0.02 mol of Na Therefore, the number of moles of Na produced is 0.02 moles. Write the expression for number of moles. Number of moles =Mass of the substanceMolar mass of the substance Solve for mass of the substance. Mass = (Number of moles)(Molar mass) Substitute 0.02 moles for number of moles and 58,4 g/mol for molar mass of the substances to calculate the mass of the H2 reacted. Mass = (0.02 moles of NaCl)(58.4 g/mol) =1.168 g Therefore, the mass of the H2 reacted is 1.168 g.

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Chemistry

10. A piece of sodium metal reacts completely with water as follows: 2Na) + 2H;Om → 2NAOH(ag) + Hw The hydrogen gas generated is collected over water at 25.0°C. The volume of the gas is 246 mL measured at 1.00 atm. Calculate the number of grams of sodium used in the reaction. (Vapour pressure of water at 25.0°C = 0.0313 atm)

10. A piece of sodium metal reacts completely with water as follows: 2Na) + 2H;Om → 2NAOH(ag) + Hw The hydrogen gas generated is collected over water at 25.0°C. The volume of the gas is 246 mL measured at 1.00 atm. Calculate the number of grams of sodium used in the reaction. (Vapour pressure of water at 25.0°C = 0.0313 atm)

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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