10) Over 7,000 species around the world are considered endangered. That number doesn't even include the plants, animals, and other life-forms that are listed by some scientists as vulnerable, critically endangered, or extinct in the wild-all rankings that mean a species is inching closer and closer to ill-fated extinction. Prepare to feel guilty: the most common factor when it comes to species decline is human intervention. Loss of habitat, the introduction of a foreign species into the environment, hunting, pollution, disease, and loss of genetic variation are all causes of species decline and most often are a result of human activities. In 2000 scientists observed 160 different mammal species in various forests around South America and found 6.3% were classified as endangered. The same organization went to the same locations in 2020 and did a sample analysis of 124 different mammals to find 8.3% were endangered. IUCN claims 8.6% of mammals are on the endangered list. a) Is there convincing evidence the number of mammals on the endangered species list has increased from 2000 to 2020? b) Create a confidence interval that has a width of 49% for 2020's data using the same level of significance you did for part a). What is the sample size needed to accomplish this goal? Does the 2020 evidence from South America suggest the IUCN is trying to overestimate the proportion of endangered mammals? c) Identify two things you would improve to help validate the results or collection procedure.
Addition Rule of Probability
It simply refers to the likelihood of an event taking place whenever the occurrence of an event is uncertain. The probability of a single event can be calculated by dividing the number of successful trials of that event by the total number of trials.
Expected Value
When a large number of trials are performed for any random variable ‘X’, the predicted result is most likely the mean of all the outcomes for the random variable and it is known as expected value also known as expectation. The expected value, also known as the expectation, is denoted by: E(X).
Probability Distributions
Understanding probability is necessary to know the probability distributions. In statistics, probability is how the uncertainty of an event is measured. This event can be anything. The most common examples include tossing a coin, rolling a die, or choosing a card. Each of these events has multiple possibilities. Every such possibility is measured with the help of probability. To be more precise, the probability is used for calculating the occurrence of events that may or may not happen. Probability does not give sure results. Unless the probability of any event is 1, the different outcomes may or may not happen in real life, regardless of how less or how more their probability is.
Basic Probability
The simple definition of probability it is a chance of the occurrence of an event. It is defined in numerical form and the probability value is between 0 to 1. The probability value 0 indicates that there is no chance of that event occurring and the probability value 1 indicates that the event will occur. Sum of the probability value must be 1. The probability value is never a negative number. If it happens, then recheck the calculation.
AP Stats Practice ASSIGNMENT
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