10: In the picture below, the top of the manometer tube is open to the atmosphere. Liquid mercury has a density of 13,500 kg/m³. The height difference between the two mercury levels is 0.25 m. A) What is the gauge pressure of the gas in the bulb in Pa and is it over or under the regular atmospheric pressure? B) What is the absolute pressure of the gas in the bulb in atmospheres? C) If you poked a hole in the tube at level of the lower dotted line of h just above the arrow marking "Liquid Mercury", how fast would the mercury spray out? Gas Liquid Mercury
Kinetic Theory of Gas
The Kinetic Theory of gases is a classical model of gases, according to which gases are composed of molecules/particles that are in random motion. While undergoing this random motion, kinetic energy in molecules can assume random velocity across all directions. It also says that the constituent particles/molecules undergo elastic collision, which means that the total kinetic energy remains constant before and after the collision. The average kinetic energy of the particles also determines the pressure of the gas.
P-V Diagram
A P-V diagram is a very important tool of the branch of physics known as thermodynamics, which is used to analyze the working and hence the efficiency of thermodynamic engines. As the name suggests, it is used to measure the changes in pressure (P) and volume (V) corresponding to the thermodynamic system under study. The P-V diagram is used as an indicator diagram to control the given thermodynamic system.
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