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1.what is beta diacid？where is it ？ 2.lable it out please. Why it is called beta diacid？ 3. do we have aplha diacid？？？

1.what is beta diacid？where is it ？ 2.lable it out please. Why it is called beta diacid？ 3. do we have aplha diacid？？？

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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1.what is beta diacid？where is it ？ 2.lable it out please. Why it is called beta diacid？ 3. do we have aplha diacid？？？
This reaction is called the malonic ester synthesis, and it is used to synthesize carboxylic acids from diethyl malonate ("malonic ester") and an alkyl halide. The a-hydrogen of malonic ester is very acidic (pKa = 13) because of its proximity to two activating carbonyl groups. In the first step, ethoxide ion removes an acidic a hydrogen from malonic ester to form an a-carbanion (with an enolate resonance form, not shown). The nucleophilic carbanion undergoes an SN2 reaction with 2-bromopropane, displacing a bromide ion and forming a C-C bond (i.e., a-carbon alkylation). - .Ö. Carbon atoms shown in green come from diethyl malonate. In the second step, hydroxide ion hydrolyzes the two ester groups. Acidification in the third step forms a B-diacid that undergoes decarboxylation upon heating. OH :Br BO BÖH الاد میوه OH + :0=c=0: Carbon atoms shown in green come from diethyl malonate. Two carbon atoms from malonic ester - the a-carbon and one carbonyl carbon - end up in the acid product.
Transcribed Image Text:This reaction is called the malonic ester synthesis, and it is used to synthesize carboxylic acids from diethyl malonate ("malonic ester") and an alkyl halide. The a-hydrogen of malonic ester is very acidic (pKa = 13) because of its proximity to two activating carbonyl groups. In the first step, ethoxide ion removes an acidic a hydrogen from malonic ester to form an a-carbanion (with an enolate resonance form, not shown). The nucleophilic carbanion undergoes an SN2 reaction with 2-bromopropane, displacing a bromide ion and forming a C-C bond (i.e., a-carbon alkylation). - .Ö. Carbon atoms shown in green come from diethyl malonate. In the second step, hydroxide ion hydrolyzes the two ester groups. Acidification in the third step forms a B-diacid that undergoes decarboxylation upon heating. OH :Br BO BÖH الاد میوه OH + :0=c=0: Carbon atoms shown in green come from diethyl malonate. Two carbon atoms from malonic ester - the a-carbon and one carbonyl carbon - end up in the acid product.
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