1.Match the following terms with their correct definitions: matter, atom, molecule, element, and compound. A) The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of their specific type of matter: _______ B) A substance that cannot be broken into a simpler substance: _________ C) Anything that occupies space and takes up mass: _________ D) Substances with two or more elements in a fixed ratio: _________ E) Atoms that are bonded to one another covalently: _________   2.Where can you find all of the elements listed by their atomic number?   3.List the elements make up the majority of a human body.

1.Match the following terms with their correct definitions: matter, atom, molecule, element, and compound.

A) The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of their specific type of matter: _______

B) A substance that cannot be broken into a simpler substance: _________

C) Anything that occupies space and takes up mass: _________

D) Substances with two or more elements in a fixed ratio: _________

E) Atoms that are bonded to one another covalently: _________

2.Where can you find all of the elements listed by their atomic number?

3.List the elements make up the majority of a human body.

4.Is H₂O an element? If not, explain your answer.

5.Neapolitan ice cream is vanilla, chocolate, and strawberry combined in a 1:1:1 ratio. Briefly explain how Neapolitan ice cream is a good analogy that helps students understand the relationship between compounds and elements.

6.An atom comprises what three subatomic particles?

A)

B)

C)

7.Match the following terms to the proper characteristic: nucleus, proton, electron, neutron, and subatomic particles. Some terms may be used more than once and some characteristics may use multiple terms.

A) Has almost no mass: _____________

B) Found in the nucleus: ____________

C) Center of an atom: ______________

D) In constant motion: ______________

E) Protons, electrons, and neutrons: ______________

8.Which of the following describes atoms of an element that vary in the number of neutrons?

A) Electrons

B) Isotopes

C) Atomic number

D) Protons

9.True or false: A radioactive isotope is unstable, which means it gives off energy and particles. If false, make it a correct statement

11.An attractive force that holds two atoms together is generically referred to as a(n)

A) Molecule

B) Chemical bond

C) Electron cloud

D) Compound

13._______________are transformations of matter that result in new substances being made by breaking existing chemical bonds, rearranging the atoms into new substances, and forming new chemical bonds.

14.In the following chemical equation, identify the products and reactants and indicate whether or not the equation is balanced. If not, balance the chemical equation.

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Chapter Content: Water and Life

Complete the following questions as you read the second chapter content—Water and Life:

1.Which of the following is a unique property of water?

A) Cohesion

B) Ice floats

C) Temperature regulation

D) Water is a crucial solvent

E) All of the above are properties of water.

2.Oils are nonpolar substances (molecules formed by nonpolar covalent bonds) that do not interact with water. Propose an explanation for why oils are not attracted to water, whereas a substance like NaCl (table salt) is attracted to H₂O. When answering this question, ask yourself the following: Is NaCl charged?

3.________________ is when a substance evaporates and the surface of the remaining liquid cools down.

4.Complete the following table regarding acids and bases.

5.As the pH increases the [H⁺] ____________, and as the pH decreases the [H⁺] ____________.

A) Decreases; increases

B) Increases; decreases

C) Increases; stays the same

D) Decreases; stays the same

6.The pH in your cells is decreasing. Cells have buffers to minimize changes in pH. Briefly explain what the buffer would do in this situation with respect to the H⁺ concentration in your cells.

8.How long does it take for approximately 75% of carbon-14 to decay into carbon-12 (in thousands of years)?

Major Theme Connection:

1.Using radioactive isotopes to determine the age of a fossil is known as radiometric dating. How might radiometric dating provide support for the theory of evolution by natural selection? Hint—Consider the age of fossils with respect to the overall fossil record (the entire collection of data regarding fossils and the age of Earth).

Common Thread Connection:

1.“Navy coffee” is where the coffee is brewed strong and a bit of salt is added. What is special about water that allows you to put sugar or salt in your coffee? To help answer this question, consider the opposite situation: Why do salt scrubs that you buy in a high-end spa consist of large salt crystals in oil?