1.1 ΚΩ 1 ΚΩ 30 ΚΩ 3 ΚΩ 1.3 ΚΩ 2.3 ΚΩ www 5 ΚΩ 4 ΚΩ Circuit diagram 2 2 ΚΩ 7 ΚΩ
KVL and KCL
KVL stands for Kirchhoff voltage law. KVL states that the total voltage drops around the loop in any closed electric circuit is equal to the sum of total voltage drop in the same closed loop.
Sign Convention
Science and technology incorporate some ideas and techniques of their own to understand a system skilfully and easily. These techniques are called conventions. For example: Sign conventions of mirrors are used to understand the phenomenon of reflection and refraction in an easier way.
Consider the two circuit diagrams below. These two circuits are equivalent in
function but are drawn to appear differently. In circuit diagram 1, nodes ? through ?
are labelled. Redraw circuit diagram 2 with these nodes labelled to demonstrate this
equivalency.
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