1.1: Gravity affects the cardiovascular system, particularly in tall animals like giraffes. The challenges these animals face include supplying enough blood to the brain and dealing with excessive fluid pressures in organs below the heart. The regulation of cardiac function and blood vessel tone is crucial in maintaining perfusion pressures in different parts of their bodies. While humans also experience gravity's effects on their cardiovascular system, giraffes face more significant challenges due to their exceptional height. Giraffe blood has a specific density of 1.055 g/mL. a) A giraffe is standing upright, and its head is located 4 meters above the ground. What is the difference in blood pressure between the giraffe's head and its heart? Assume the giraffe's heart is located at a height of 2 meters above the ground and no viscous pressure losses. b) A giraffe is drinking water from a stream, and its head is located 2 meters below the level of its heart. If the giraffe's arterial blood pressure is 200 mm Hg at the level of the heart, what is the arterial blood pressure in its head and what is the change in wall tension relative to when the head is located standing up? (Based on a quick internet search, make assumptions about dimensions of blood vessels)