1. Write the formal English description of each set described by the regular expression below. Assume alphabet Σ = {0, 1}. Example: (0 U 1)*00(0 U 1)*11(0 U 1)* Answer: L = {xy where x contains substring 00 and y contains substring 11} A) 1'01* Β) (ΣΣΣ)" C) (0Σ*0) U (12*1) UOU1 D) 0* U 1* E) (10)*(EU E)

Q: What is the language accepted by the following Turing machine? b:0,R a:0,R 0:0.L. q2 a;0,R b:0 R

A: Turing machine understands the language: Even if all languages are recursively acceptable provided,…

Q: Clumsy Turing architecture wastes energy. Explain why this is a Turing-machine-intractable problem…

A: The efficiency of computational architectures and their energy consumption has become a crucial…

Q: Describe a Turing machine which decides the language {0*#w]wis the binary representation of i…

A: Step 1: Replace 0 with X and go right if the sign is 0. Replace 1 with Y and go right if the sign is…

Q: 1 Turing Machines Produce a Turing Machine state diagram that decides the following language. You do…

A: Here we have given solution to produce a Turing Machine state diagram that decides the following…

Q: Nondeterministic: Defined. Formal Turing machine. Utilize the transitions to perfection.

A: A non-deterministic calculation is one whose outcome cannot be predicted with certainty. This type…

Q: Design Turing machines to decide the following languages (d)L = {ai bjci-j: ij ≥ 1}

A: The turning design for L=ai bj ci+j:i,j≥1 is,

Q: Define the following operation, called NOTIN, on languages: NOTIN(A) = {w | w & A}

A: Define the following operation, called NOTIN, on languages:NOTIN(A) = {w|w A}

Q: 10) build a Turing Machine that will accept the language      L={anbm : n ≥ m}

A: Solution:   Given,  L={anbm : n ≥ m}

Q: Build a Turing Machine that will accept the language L = {an  bm : n , m ≥ 0 }

A: Given Language: L =  {an  bm : n , m ≥ 0 }

Q: Design Turing machines to decide the following languages (d)L= (ai bjci-j: ij ≥ 1)

A: Given that L=ai bj ci+j:i,j≥1 The turning design for L=ai bj ci+j:i,j≥1 is,

Computational Systems

The computation systems can be defined as the systems that are capable of solving a problem that includes calculations either mathematical or logical, and are able to produce the result as an output. For example, a simple calculator that is given a set of numbers and operators as input and produces the result as an output can be defined as a computational system. The above example is a simple illustration only, the computational systems range from simple devices to complex devices such as the systems that control the SpaceX companies, Starlink satellites which are being quite recently seen in the skies at many places globally.