1. Write the Fischer projection formula for the following amino acids as D and L by properly Labelling them. а. H2N CH-C FHO- CH2 c=0 OH b. H2N- CH-C HO- CH3 С. H,N -ÇH ---OH CH2

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**1. Write the Fischer projection formula for the following amino acids as D and L by properly labeling them.** 

**a.**  
The structure depicted is an amino acid with the following groups attached to the central carbon (Cα):
- An amino group (\( \text{H}_2\text{N} \))
- A hydroxyl group (\( \text{OH} \))
- A carboxyl group (\( \text{COOH} \)) with an additional methylene group (\( \text{CH}_2 \)) attached.

**b.**  
The structure depicts another amino acid with:
- An amino group (\( \text{H}_2\text{N} \))
- A methyl group (\( \text{CH}_3 \))
- A carboxyl group (\( \text{COOH} \))

**c.**  
The structure shows an amino acid with:
- An amino group (\( \text{H}_2\text{N} \))
- A phenyl group (\( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5 \)) linked via a methylene bridge (\( \text{CH}_2 \))
- A carboxyl group (\( \text{COOH} \))

Each structure needs to be labeled according to whether it is in the D or L configuration. This is determined based on the position of the functional groups in the Fischer projection.
Transcribed Image Text:**1. Write the Fischer projection formula for the following amino acids as D and L by properly labeling them.** **a.** The structure depicted is an amino acid with the following groups attached to the central carbon (Cα): - An amino group (\( \text{H}_2\text{N} \)) - A hydroxyl group (\( \text{OH} \)) - A carboxyl group (\( \text{COOH} \)) with an additional methylene group (\( \text{CH}_2 \)) attached. **b.** The structure depicts another amino acid with: - An amino group (\( \text{H}_2\text{N} \)) - A methyl group (\( \text{CH}_3 \)) - A carboxyl group (\( \text{COOH} \)) **c.** The structure shows an amino acid with: - An amino group (\( \text{H}_2\text{N} \)) - A phenyl group (\( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5 \)) linked via a methylene bridge (\( \text{CH}_2 \)) - A carboxyl group (\( \text{COOH} \)) Each structure needs to be labeled according to whether it is in the D or L configuration. This is determined based on the position of the functional groups in the Fischer projection.
### Structures of Amino Acids

The image displays the structural formulas of two amino acids, labeled as d and e.

#### d. Threonine

- **Chemical Structure**: 
  - **Backbone**: Consists of an amino group (H₂N) attached to a central carbon (CH), which is connected to a carboxylic acid group (COOH).
  - **Side Chain**: The central carbon is also bonded to a CH₂ group, and this CH₂ is further bonded to an OH group, forming a –CH(OH)CH₃ configuration.

#### e. Lysine

- **Chemical Structure**: 
  - **Backbone**: Similar to threonine, it has an amino group (H₂N) connected to a central carbon (CH), which links to a carboxylic acid group (COOH).
  - **Side Chain**: The central carbon is bonded to a longer carbon chain, consisting of four consecutive CH₂ groups, terminating with an NH₂ group. This structure can be represented as –CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–NH₂.

These diagrams provide a clear representation of the specific atomic connections in each amino acid, crucial for understanding their properties and roles in protein structure.
Transcribed Image Text:### Structures of Amino Acids The image displays the structural formulas of two amino acids, labeled as d and e. #### d. Threonine - **Chemical Structure**: - **Backbone**: Consists of an amino group (H₂N) attached to a central carbon (CH), which is connected to a carboxylic acid group (COOH). - **Side Chain**: The central carbon is also bonded to a CH₂ group, and this CH₂ is further bonded to an OH group, forming a –CH(OH)CH₃ configuration. #### e. Lysine - **Chemical Structure**: - **Backbone**: Similar to threonine, it has an amino group (H₂N) connected to a central carbon (CH), which links to a carboxylic acid group (COOH). - **Side Chain**: The central carbon is bonded to a longer carbon chain, consisting of four consecutive CH₂ groups, terminating with an NH₂ group. This structure can be represented as –CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–NH₂. These diagrams provide a clear representation of the specific atomic connections in each amino acid, crucial for understanding their properties and roles in protein structure.
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