1. Which of the following justifies the expansion of the allantois in shelled amniotes? * a. It stores excretory wastes of the embryo. b. It can be accommodated by the coelom. c. It forms allantoic vessels for gas exchange. d. It protects the embryo from mechanical stress. 2.  Which frog blastula region contains the materials for the presumptive notochord? * a. deep zone b. animal cap c. vegetal base d. involuting marginal zone   3. The process of activation during fertilization is triggered by which activity? * a. the binding of the sperm to ZP3. b. the binding of the sperm to ZP2. c. the binding of the sperm to PIP2. d. the opening of calcium channels.

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