1. Which of the following is true regarding the shuttle systems responsible for introducing NADH-associated electrons from glycolysis into the mitochondria? the malate shuttle system introduces electrons through complexes I, III, and IV withi the inner mitochondrial membrane.
1. Which of the following is true regarding the shuttle systems responsible for introducing NADH-associated electrons from glycolysis into the mitochondria? the malate shuttle system introduces electrons through complexes I, III, and IV withi the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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
Transcribed Image Text:1. Which of the following is true regarding the shuttle systems responsible
for introducing NADH-associated electrons from glycolysis into the
mitochondria?
the malate shuttle system introduces electrons through complexes I, III, and IV within
the inner mitochondrial membrane.
when the malate shuttle system is active, the total ATP output from the reduced
coenzymes consumed during oxidative phosphorylation is 32 ATP.
the G-3-P shuttle system introduces electrons through complexes I and III, resulting
in a reduced ATP output from the NADH associated with triose phosphate
dehydrogenase.
when the G-3-P shuttle system is active, the total ATP output from the reduced
coenzymes consumed during oxidative phosphorylation is 32 ATP.
Expert Solution

Step 1: Introduction:
The malate-aspartate shuttle system is a biochemical system that transports electrons from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix. This is necessary because the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to NADH, the primary electron carrier in the cytosol.
The malate-aspartate shuttle system plays a vital role in oxidative phosphorylation, which is the process of generating ATP from the oxidation of glucose.
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