1. What oxygen requirement, or aerotolerance, categories allow for an organism to survive in the complete absence of oxygen? Please list those oxygen requirement/aerotolerance categories where an organism doesn't necessarily need oxygen for growth.
1. What oxygen requirement, or aerotolerance, categories allow for an organism to survive in the complete absence of oxygen? Please list those oxygen requirement/aerotolerance categories where an organism doesn't necessarily need oxygen for growth.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Control of Microbial Growth
It can be defined as the process to inhibit or prevent the growth of the population of microorganisms. It usually involves the use of physical and chemical agents to the growth of microorganisms. It is very important to control the growth of microorganisms, especially in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, academic research, medical field, and food industry.
Sterilization
It is a method for the destruction of all forms of vegetative growth and endospores from a medium. In other words, sterilization can be defined as a method of killing every microbial organism such as bacteria, fungi, etc. present in an object or a medium. There are different strategies present to sterilize an object, like physical methods and chemical methods of microbial control.
Question
Transcribed Image Text:Chapter 9 L discusses some oxygen requirement,
grouped. We're going to focus on those that do not necessarily need oxygen for survival. For this part:
aerotolerance, categories under which most prokaryotic organisms can be
1. What oxygen requirement, or aerotolerance, categories allow for an organism to survive in the complete absence of oxygen?
Please list those oxygen requirement/aerotolerance categories where an organism doesn't necessarily need oxygen for growth.
2. Oxygen is toxic to most organisms, even you! One reason we don't see the effects of this is because most organisms are able to
produce enzymes to counteract this toxicity. This is called, "detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS)," as discussed in Chapter 9.
In order to survive in the presence of oxygen (if it can), a prokaryotic organism must be able to undergo detoxification of reactive
oxygen species. For each category you listed in 1), please provide:
A. the enzymes that may be lacking/missing in order to detoxify reactive oxygen species. Do this for each category, you listed in
1).
B. the enzymes that may be present in order to detoxify reactive oxygen species. Do this for each category you listed in 1).
3. When discussing metabolism and how to synthesize ATP for energy, we generally discuss the process of aerobic cellular
respiration. Aerobic cellular respiration, however, requires the use of oxygen. For this question, we're specifically looking at
organisms that do not require the use of oxygen and/or to which oxygen is toxic. So how are these types of organisms able to
synthesize ATP without using oxygen? There are two different methods of metabolism specifically discussed in lecture and
provided in the textbook. Please provide the two methods of metabolism (i.e. glucose catabolism) that these types of organisms
may perform in place of aerobic cellular respiration. You may need to review Chapter 8 from Module 2.
For each method provide:
A. the name of the method you will be describing (ensure the methods are different from each other)
B. a very brief outline of the pathways or processes involved
C. the final amount, or final range, of ATP produced
D. an example of a final electron acceptor
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