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- 1. define the latex agglutination (LA) and gelatin particle agglutination tests (GPAT) techniques 2. State the principle underlying the above techniques 3. state the types or forms of the techniques if presentwrite down the following techniques of immunology and thier applications; 1.precipitation 2.agglutination 3. simple immunodiffusion 4. double immunodiffusion 5.immunoelectrophoresis 6. two dimensial and counter immnuoelectrophoresis 7.immunofluorescence 8.complement fixationstate the significance of heterophile antibodies in serological testing
- a) Why is testing for rhesus (Rh) antigens and antibodies different from ABO testing?state the significance of nontreponemal antiliid (reagin) antibodies in serological testing.2. Reactions with labeled antibodies or antigens. Practical use of immunofluorescence reaction (IFR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay. Varieties of ELISA.
- explain these as an Immunotherapeutic approach for cancer therapy, 1. MONOLOCAL ANTIBODIES, 2. CHECKPOINT INHIBITORS, 3. CYTOKINES 4. CANCER VACCINES, 5. ADOPTIVE CELL THERAPY ( CAR T- CELL THERAPY) EXPLAIN EACH WITH ALL DETAILS ALL DETAILS NEEDED. I WILL DISLIKE IF IT’s SHORT ANSWER. OTHERWISE I WILL RATE :)Why monoclonal antibodies method is better than polyclonal antibodies method in detecting specific pathogen? Explain the reasons for both selection or rejection methods..1. Discuss how immunoassays differ from precipitation and agglutination reactions. 2. Differentiate between Direct and Indirect ELISA.
- II. Two Tier Test. Encircle the letter corresponding to your chosen answer then rephrase the chosen statement to make it correct. 1. Which is not true of the spleen? a. The fetal spleen produces RBC. b. Antibodies are produced in the spleen by cells called fixed monocytes. c. The spleen is located in the LUQ of the abdomen. d. Fixed macrophages in it phagocitize pathogens in the blood. Rephrase: 2. Which is not true about the lymph nodes? a. There are three major groups: cervical, axillary and inguinal. b. During serious infection, they become swollen. c. They are located along the lymphatic ducts. d. They contain fixed macrophages and plasma cells. Rephrase: 3. Which is not true regarding thymus and immunity? a. The thymus is most active in the fetus and child. b. The thymus is located above the thyroid gland. c. T cells are the lymphocytes produced by the thymus. d. The thymus is necessary for T cells maturation. Rephrase:1. What is an antiserum? 2. What are the potency requirements in an antiserum? ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS ON LABORATORY ASSAY NO.4 3. What kind of antigen will anti-A detect? Anti-B? 4. Enumerate the common causes of false positive and false negative result in ABO forward grouping? 5. Give the purpose of Blood typing. 6. Cite the biochemical components of the ABO blood group accordingly. 7. Complete the table below Blood type A B 0 AB (positive/pos) for agglutination (negative/neg) for no agglutination Anti-A Anti-B1. Answer the following: a. What is the significance of the three-dimensional shape (or geometry) of molecules in immunoassay methods? b. What is a radioimmunoassay (RIA) test in your own words.