1. What caused the color changes in containers A, B, C, and D? 2. What is the effect of the sprite/ baking soda mixture on the acidity and basicity of the mixture? 3. What are buffers and why is it important in biochemistry? 4. Describe the Henderson Hasselbalch equation and explain its use in making buffers.

Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
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Can you please help me answer guide questions, especially number 4 Thank you.
1. What caused the color changes in containers A, B, C, and D?
2. What is the effect of the Sprite/baking soda mixture on the acidity and basicity of the mixture?
3. What are buffers and why is it important in biochemistry?
4. Describe the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and explain its use in making buffers.
Transcribed Image Text:1. What caused the color changes in containers A, B, C, and D? 2. What is the effect of the Sprite/baking soda mixture on the acidity and basicity of the mixture? 3. What are buffers and why is it important in biochemistry? 4. Describe the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and explain its use in making buffers.
**Experiment 4: pH and Buffers**

**Materials Needed:**

- Red Cabbage
- Purified Water
- 5 Different Glasses/Jars
- Sprite (40 mL)
- Dropper/Syringe
- Baking Soda (2 teaspoons) NaHCO3
- Lemon Juice/Calamansi Juice/Vinegar (choose one)
- Concentrated Lye (liquid sosa) Drainage Cleaner

**Procedure:**

1. Boil red cabbage in 700 mL of water. Make sure to cut the leaves into small pieces to maximize the amount of indicator in solution. This will serve as your pH indicator.
2. Let the solution cool and transfer 100 mL each to a jar.
3. Label the containers with the proper label: A, B, C, D. Add 1 teaspoon of baking soda and 20 mL of Sprite in the mixture into container B and C. Stir it well.
4. In container A, add 1 mL dropwise of lemon juice or any acid. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.
5. In container B, add 1 mL of lemon juice or any acid. Observe changes in color. Add another 1 mL of lemon juice.
6. In container D, add 1 mL of concentrated lye. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.
7. In container C, add 1 mL of concentrated lye. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.

**Observations Table:**

| Container | Observations after 1 mL of substance of lemon juice is added | Observations after 1 mL of substance of concentrated lye is added | Conclusion                               |
|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|
| A         | Color changed                                              |                                                                | Color changed from blue to purple.       |
| B         | No changes                                                 |                                                                | Color didn't change.                     |
| C         |                                                            | Color changed                                                 | Color changed from blue to yellow/dark brown. |
| D         |                                                            | Color changed                                                 |                                              |

This experiment demonstrates the use of red cabbage as a pH indicator, showcasing color changes based on acidity and basicity by observing reactions with lemon juice and lye.
Transcribed Image Text:**Experiment 4: pH and Buffers** **Materials Needed:** - Red Cabbage - Purified Water - 5 Different Glasses/Jars - Sprite (40 mL) - Dropper/Syringe - Baking Soda (2 teaspoons) NaHCO3 - Lemon Juice/Calamansi Juice/Vinegar (choose one) - Concentrated Lye (liquid sosa) Drainage Cleaner **Procedure:** 1. Boil red cabbage in 700 mL of water. Make sure to cut the leaves into small pieces to maximize the amount of indicator in solution. This will serve as your pH indicator. 2. Let the solution cool and transfer 100 mL each to a jar. 3. Label the containers with the proper label: A, B, C, D. Add 1 teaspoon of baking soda and 20 mL of Sprite in the mixture into container B and C. Stir it well. 4. In container A, add 1 mL dropwise of lemon juice or any acid. Stir well. Observe the changes in color. 5. In container B, add 1 mL of lemon juice or any acid. Observe changes in color. Add another 1 mL of lemon juice. 6. In container D, add 1 mL of concentrated lye. Stir well. Observe the changes in color. 7. In container C, add 1 mL of concentrated lye. Stir well. Observe the changes in color. **Observations Table:** | Container | Observations after 1 mL of substance of lemon juice is added | Observations after 1 mL of substance of concentrated lye is added | Conclusion | |-----------|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | A | Color changed | | Color changed from blue to purple. | | B | No changes | | Color didn't change. | | C | | Color changed | Color changed from blue to yellow/dark brown. | | D | | Color changed | | This experiment demonstrates the use of red cabbage as a pH indicator, showcasing color changes based on acidity and basicity by observing reactions with lemon juice and lye.
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