Can you please help me answer guide questions, especially number 4Thank you. 1. What caused the color changes in containers A, B, C, and D?2. What is the effect of the Sprite/baking soda mixture on the acidity and basicity of the mixture?3. What are buffers and why is it important in biochemistry?4. Describe the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and explain its use in making buffers. **Experiment 4: pH and Buffers****Materials Needed:**- Red Cabbage- Purified Water- 5 Different Glasses/Jars- Sprite (40 mL)- Dropper/Syringe- Baking Soda (2 teaspoons) NaHCO3- Lemon Juice/Calamansi Juice/Vinegar (choose one)- Concentrated Lye (liquid sosa) Drainage Cleaner**Procedure:**1. Boil red cabbage in 700 mL of water. Make sure to cut the leaves into small pieces to maximize the amount of indicator in solution. This will serve as your pH indicator.2. Let the solution cool and transfer 100 mL each to a jar.3. Label the containers with the proper label: A, B, C, D. Add 1 teaspoon of baking soda and 20 mL of Sprite in the mixture into container B and C. Stir it well.4. In container A, add 1 mL dropwise of lemon juice or any acid. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.5. In container B, add 1 mL of lemon juice or any acid. Observe changes in color. Add another 1 mL of lemon juice.6. In container D, add 1 mL of concentrated lye. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.7. In container C, add 1 mL of concentrated lye. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.**Observations Table:**| Container | Observations after 1 mL of substance of lemon juice is added | Observations after 1 mL of substance of concentrated lye is added | Conclusion ||-----------|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|| A | Color changed | | Color changed from blue to purple. || B | No changes | | Color didn't change. || C | | Color changed | Color changed from blue to yellow/dark brown. || D | | Color changed | |This experiment demonstrates the use of red cabbage as a pH indicator, showcasing color changes based on acidity and basicity by observing reactions with lemon juice and lye.

Red cabbage has a substance called anthocyanin in it. It can act as an acid-base indicators. Acid…

1. What caused the color changes in containers A, B, C, and D? 2. What is the effect of the sprite/ baking soda mixture on the acidity and basicity of the mixture? 3. What are buffers and why is it important in biochemistry? 4. Describe the Henderson Hasselbalch equation and explain its use in making buffers.

1. What caused the color changes in containers A, B, C, and D? 2. What is the effect of the sprite/ baking soda mixture on the acidity and basicity of the mixture? 3. What are buffers and why is it important in biochemistry? 4. Describe the Henderson Hasselbalch equation and explain its use in making buffers.

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

Can you please help me answer guide questions, especially number 4 Thank you.

1. What caused the color changes in containers A, B, C, and D?
2. What is the effect of the Sprite/baking soda mixture on the acidity and basicity of the mixture?
3. What are buffers and why is it important in biochemistry?
4. Describe the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and explain its use in making buffers.

**Experiment 4: pH and Buffers**

**Materials Needed:**

- Red Cabbage
- Purified Water
- 5 Different Glasses/Jars
- Sprite (40 mL)
- Dropper/Syringe
- Baking Soda (2 teaspoons) NaHCO3
- Lemon Juice/Calamansi Juice/Vinegar (choose one)
- Concentrated Lye (liquid sosa) Drainage Cleaner

**Procedure:**

1. Boil red cabbage in 700 mL of water. Make sure to cut the leaves into small pieces to maximize the amount of indicator in solution. This will serve as your pH indicator.
2. Let the solution cool and transfer 100 mL each to a jar.
3. Label the containers with the proper label: A, B, C, D. Add 1 teaspoon of baking soda and 20 mL of Sprite in the mixture into container B and C. Stir it well.
4. In container A, add 1 mL dropwise of lemon juice or any acid. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.
5. In container B, add 1 mL of lemon juice or any acid. Observe changes in color. Add another 1 mL of lemon juice.
6. In container D, add 1 mL of concentrated lye. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.
7. In container C, add 1 mL of concentrated lye. Stir well. Observe the changes in color.

**Observations Table:**

| Container | Observations after 1 mL of substance of lemon juice is added | Observations after 1 mL of substance of concentrated lye is added | Conclusion |
|-----------|------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|
| A | Color changed | | Color changed from blue to purple. |
| B | No changes | | Color didn't change. |
| C | | Color changed | Color changed from blue to yellow/dark brown. |
| D | | Color changed | |

This experiment demonstrates the use of red cabbage as a pH indicator, showcasing color changes based on acidity and basicity by observing reactions with lemon juice and lye.

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Hello Can you please help me with the next question? (The main concept is pain) Helen Mellum is a 78-year-old female who suffered a right fractured hip after falling on the ice. She had a right hip pinning done and has just arrived on the orthopedic floor from the recovery room where she received a dose of hydromorphone (Dilaudid) IV two hour ago. Orders include Dilaudid 1mg every 2 hours prn. She has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypertension (HTN). Vital signs: BP 114/62, HR 72, RR 16, temp 37.2, O2 saturation 96%. She is drowsy, but arouses easily. Lung sounds are clear. When sleeping breathes with her mouth open. Heart tones are distant but regular. Feet are cool to touch bilaterally with pedal pulses at 2+. Capillary refill at 1 second. Skin turgor elastic, tongue is dry. Right hip incisional dressing is dry and intact. She complains of constant, sharp incisional pain, rated at 7 on scale of 0-10. She indicates the intensity goes up to a 10 when…